缩略词表 AERTC 先进能源与研究技术中心 CES 清洁能源标准 CLCPA 气候领导力与社区保护法 COVID-19 2019 年冠状病毒病 EBG 纽约州立大学能源采购集团 EIA 美国能源信息署 EMP 能源总体规划 EO 行政命令 EPA 美国环境保护署 EUI 能源使用强度 EV 电动汽车 GHG 温室气体 HVAC 供暖通风和空调 ITC 投资税收抵免 LBMP 基于位置的边际定价 LCOE 平准化能源成本 LIPA 长岛电力局 LSE 负荷服务实体 NENY 新效率纽约 NREL 国家可再生能源实验室 NYGATS 纽约发电归因跟踪系统 NYISO 纽约独立系统运营商 NYPA 纽约电力局 NYSERDA 纽约州能源研究与发展局 OAG 纽约州总检察长办公室 OSC 纽约州审计长办公室 PPA 电力购买协议 PSEG 公共服务企业集团 PTC 生产税收抵免 PV 光伏 REC 可再生能源抵免RES 可再生能源标准 SAM NREL 的系统咨询模型 SBU 石溪大学 纽约州立大学 VPPA 虚拟购电协议
AC air conditioning ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program AEDT Aviation Environmental Design Tool AMT Auto Marine Terminal ANL Argonne National Laboratory AP accounts payable API Application Programming Interface APU auxiliary power unit AR accounts receivable ATADS Air Traffic Activity Data System B20 20 percent biodiesel BPC Battery Park City/Brookfield Place Ferry Terminal Btu British thermal units CAD Central Automotive Division CAP criteria air pollutant CARB California Air Resources Board ccf 100 cubic feet CCL C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group CEMS continuous emission monitoring system Central Hudson Central Hudson Gas & Electric, Corp. CFR Code of Federal Regulations CH 4 methane CHP combined heat and power CIRIS City Inventory Reporting and Information System CMV commercial marine vessels CNG compressed natural gas CO 2 carbon dioxide CO 2 e carbon dioxide equivalent ConEdison Consolidated Edison Co. of N.Y., Inc. CY calendar year ECRR Essex County Resource Recovery EDMS Emission and Dispersion Modeling System EDP Environmental Disclosure Program EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPD Environmental Product Declaration eGRID Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database E10 10 percent ethanol E85 85 percent ethanol EIA U.S. Energy Information Administration EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EUI energy use intensities EWR纽瓦克·自由国际机场安永发射年FAA联邦航空管理局FHWA联邦公路管理机构EPA的设施级别有关温室气体工具工具G ram(S)GAL加仑(S)GGRP Greenhouse GALL(S)GGRP Greenhouse Gas Reporting计划Ghg Greenhouse Greenhouse Gearnhouse GAS GELENHOUSE GELESES GELENHOUSE GELESES,调节的投射和能源在技术中的能源使用GRP GRP GRP GRP GREP GREP GREP GREP GRES gse Glost Advents设备
德国天然气供应非常安全可靠。德意志联邦共和国根据欧洲议会和欧洲理事会 2017 年 10 月 25 日颁布的关于保障天然气供应安全措施和废除第 994/2010 号条例 (EU) 2017/1938 条例第 8 条、第 10 条和附件 VII 的要求,以及在做好危机准备的背景下,制定了《天然气应急计划》。第 2017/1938 号条例 (EU) 加强了欧盟内部天然气市场,并确保在发生供应危机时欧盟成员国采取统一的做法。此外,本应急计划还包含德国根据 2022 年 8 月 5 日关于协调天然气需求减少措施的 (EU) 2022/1369 条例第 8 (2) 条实施的减少供应的自愿措施,该措施将于 2024 年 3 月 31 日到期。欧盟委员会于 2020 年 2 月 18 日就 2019 年 10 月 17 日通知的天然气应急计划提出的意见已被考虑在内。根据能源工业法 (EnWG) 第 54a (1) 条,联邦经济和气候行动部 (BMWK) 负责制定本天然气应急计划。天然气应急计划是在 Bundesnetzagentur für Elektrizität, Gas, Telekommu- nikation, Post und Eisenbahnen(联邦电力、天然气、电信、邮政和铁路网络局/BNetzA)的积极参与下制定的。根据 1938/2017 号条例 (EUI) 第 10(2)条的规定,每四年定期更新一次天然气应急计划。关于本次应急计划的更新,根据 2017/1938 号条例 (EU) 第 8(6)条的规定,咨询了所有九个直接相连或通过瑞士相连的欧盟成员国(即奥地利、比利时、捷克、丹麦、法国、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰和波兰)的主管部门,以及德国所属的八个风险组的其他 15 个成员(即保加利亚、克罗地亚、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、希腊、匈牙利、爱尔兰、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、葡萄牙、罗马尼亚、瑞典、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚和西班牙)以及瑞士和英国。磋商以英文版本进行,截止日期为 2023 年 8 月 25 日星期五。在德国,紧急计划已与以下机构进行了磋商: - 联邦政府各部委,截止日期为 2023 年 7 月 28 日; - 16 个州(巴登-符腾堡州、巴伐利亚州、柏林、勃兰登堡州、不来梅州、汉堡州、黑森州、下萨克森州、梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州、北莱茵-威斯特法伦州、莱茵兰-普法尔茨州、萨尔州、萨克森州、萨克森州-安哈尔特州、石勒苏益格-荷尔斯泰因州和图林根州)主管当局,截止日期为 2023 年 7 月 14 日; - 专业和行业协会,截止日期为 2023 年 7 月 14 日
图1。VRF热泵系统的亮点与热恢复[2]在同一建筑物设计上的两层和三管系统之间的不同管道布局[3]。3图3。Product data from Ventacity Energy/Heat Recovery System ........................................................ 6 Figure 4.DOAS温度控制方案来自Ashrae DoAs设计指南........ 7图5。基线模型中不同HVAC系统类型的分布...................................................................................................Coverage of applicable buildings for the upgrade ....................................................................... 14 Figure 7.VRF DOAS configuration represented in this upgrade ............................................................... 14 Figure 8.Single curve approach versus dual curve approach (COP based on compressor and outdoor unit fan power only) ...................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 9.VRF室外单位性能比较:加热能力和COP Comp&Fan,Design ....................... 18图10。VRF室外单位性能比较:冷却能力和COP Comp&Fan,设计...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Cooling EIR (or COP) curve derivation and validation ............................................................ 20 Figure 12.Rated COP derivation based on sized capacities ....................................................................... 22 Figure 13.doas温度设定点建议形式ASHRAE DOAS设计指南........ 25图14。Comparison of annual site energy consumption between the ComStock baseline and the upgrade scenario .................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 15.Comstock基线和升级方案的温室气体排放比较... 36图16。Percent site energy savings distribution for ComStock models with the upgrade measure applied by end use and fuel type ............................................................................................ 37 Figure 17.Site EUI savings distribution for ComStock models with the upgrade measure applied by end use and fuel type .................................................................................................................... 38 Figure 18.Comparison of the ComStock baseline and the upgrade scenario in terms of peak demand change .................................................................................................................................... 40 Figure 19.VRF额定和设计COP Comp&Fan的分布,设计......................................................................................................................................................... 41图20。Distribution of VRF annual average COP comp&fan,operating ............................................................ 42 Figure 21.用电阻加热的VRF补充加热的分数分布............................................................................................................................... 42图22.Distribution of annual average heating COP system,operating ........................................................... 43 Figure 23.Distribution of unmet hours to heating and cooling setpoints ................................................... 43 Figure 24.Distribution of VRF piping configurations................................................................................ 44 Figure 25.Distribution of VRF indoor and outdoor unit counts ................................................................. 45 Figure A-1.Site annual natural gas consumption of the ComStock baseline and the measure scenario by census division ....................................................................................................................... 49 Figure A-2.Site annual natural gas consumption of the ComStock baseline and the measure scenario by building type .......................................................................................................................... 49 Figure A-3.Site annual electricity consumption of the ComStock baseline and the measure scenario by building type .......................................................................................................................... 50 Figure A-4.Site annual electricity consumption of the ComStock baseline and the measure scenario by census division ....................................................................................................................... 50