1。背景12 1.1定义问题:高处方药费用12 1.2特遣队成员和方法13 2。Prescription Drug Supply Chain 17 2.1 Supply Chain Diagram 17 2.1.1 Drug Manufacturers 18 2.1.2 Wholesale Drug Distributors 19 2.1.3 Pharmacy Services Administrative Organizations 19 2.1.4 Pharmacists and Pharmacies 20 2.1.5 Pharmacy Benefit Managers 20 2.1.6 Insurers 21 2.1.7 Consumers 22 2.1.8 Hospitals 28 3.工作队的建议和政策选择29 3.1工作组支持第114号法案和参议院法案100 29 3.1.1 PBM回扣透明度29 3.1.2 PBM许可30 3.1.3 GAG条款30 3.1.4销售点时最低的成本3.1.5 sale 3 3.1.5 redroactive Sape oipportive Repuction Recounts Recounts Recuntion 31 3.1 pbm PBM