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What makes each of us unique? The nine-banded armadillo as a model to study individuality
The human brain is the foundation of our identity as a species and as individuals. It is where our unique sensations, emotions, and thoughts arise. The same way no two individuals are alike, no two brains are identical. Understanding the expression of inter-individual differences in brain and behavior and their underlying biological mechanisms can profoundly in fl uence neuroscience and the science of individuality. Here, we argue that the nine-banded armadillo is a unique organism for the study of how inter-individual differences are expressed in the mammalian brain. Our argument is based on the fascinating reproductive biology of armadillos, the only known mammals that always generate offspring that are genetic clones, and on how this characteristic can help understand the complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and stochastic factors in the biology of individuality. We will fi rst review the sources of variance in brain- related traits and behavior, then the biology of armadillos, and fi nally how they can aid in understanding the origins of variance in brain structure and function. Finally, we will provide an overview of the type of studies that can be performed using armadillos and how these studies can advance the science of individuality.
学校护士心理健康工具包
回顾认知行为三角 - 访问本指南中的抑郁症部分（第 9 页）。患有严重焦虑症的学生可以通过治疗或药物治疗，或两者兼而有之。改变三角中的一个部分（例如，改善自我对话/想法）会影响感受和行为。例如，将想法从“我这次考试会不及格”改为“我学习了，我会尽力而为”，可以减少焦虑（感觉）并提高注意力（行为）。改变行为（深呼吸练习）可以改善焦虑（感觉）并帮助想法变得更加积极。
ssh！我们有一个计划，由克里斯·霍顿（Chris Haughton）编写和插图
在翻转图表上或在视觉图下的大规模大小，以便孩子们可以清楚地看到您在每个步骤中所做的事情并遵循该过程。在工作时仔细讨论形状，大小和颜色，以及您关注的内容，使孩子们可以看到创建此角色的过程。您会撕裂零件吗？切零件？更改颜色以添加细节？他们有道具，例如帽子还是网？这使我们对角色及其行为及其外观的看法是什么？▪完成拼贴时，退后一步，查看您创建的角色。将您对它们的想法写成图片周围的单词和短语，或作为角色描述以伴随它。鼓励孩子们在拼贴画上做同样的事情。▪如果这个角色是思考或说些什么，他们会怎么说？记录在拼贴画上的思想或语音泡沫中。这样做时，重要的是先写单词，然后塑造周围的气泡，以免限制孩子的思想。▪让孩子们在房间周围的工作并探索彼此的想法和创作。让孩子们有机会谈论彼此的工作，讨论他们对自己创造的角色的想法。▪在工作墙或共享日记中显示这些内容。▪您的想法对他们在上一场会议中查看的插图相同吗？以不同的颜色添加其他想法。
