2真正的利益方是:(1)乍得·韦斯特(Chad West),以他作为达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第1区; (2)杰西·莫雷诺(Jesse Moreno),以他作为达拉斯市议会议员的正式身份,第2区; (3)扎林·格雷西(Zarin D. (4)卡罗琳·金·阿诺德(Carolyn King Arnold)以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第4区; (5)Jaime Resendez,以他作为达拉斯市议会议员的正式身份,第5区; (6)奥马尔·纳尔维斯(Omar Narvaez),以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第6区; (7)亚当·巴萨尔多(Adam Bazaldua),以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第7区; (8)特内尔·阿特金斯(Tennell Atkins)以他的正式身份担任达拉斯市议会议员,第8区; (9)宝拉·布莱克蒙(Paula Blackmon),以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第9区; (10)凯西·斯图尔特(Kathy Stewart),以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第10区; (11)杰尼·舒尔茨(Jaynie Schultz)以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第11区; (12)卡拉·孟德尔松(Cara Mendelsohn),她是达拉斯市议会议员第12区的正式身份; (13)盖伊·唐内尔·威利斯(Gay Donnell Willis)以达拉斯市议会成员的正式身份,第13区; (14)保罗·雷德利(Paul E. (15)Billierae Johnson,以她作为达拉斯市秘书的正式身份; (16)埃里克·约翰逊(Eric L. Johnson),以达拉斯市市长的正式身份。
/ s / s / Charles B. Klein e Imeric r eig -p Lessis C Harles C Harles c Harles&Strawn LLP记录纪录101 California Street C Laire A. F Undakowski San Francisco,CA 94111 Winston&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn&Strawn LLP(415)591-1000 1901 l Straete NW Washington,2003年2月282日。 Winston&Strawn Llp cklein@winston.com 35 W. W. Wacker Drive芝加哥,伊利诺伊州60601 D Ecmember 27,2024
22参见Sauls,690 S.W.3d,第69页;圣安东尼奥市诉Riojas,640 S.W. 3d 534,537(Tex。2022); Tex。dep't of Pub。安全诉Bonilla,481 S.W. 3d 640,642(Tex。2015);大学。hous。v。Clark,38 S.W. 3d 578,580(Tex。2000);比佛利山庄诉Guevara,904 S.W. 2d 655,656(Tex。1995); Dewitt诉Harris County,904 S.W. 2d 650,653(Tex。1995); K.D.F.v。Rex,878 S.W. 2d 589,597(Tex。1994);兰开斯特市诉钱伯斯市,883 S.W. 2d 650,658(Tex。1994);休斯顿市诉基尔本案,849 S.W. 2d 810,812(Tex。1993)。正如我们已经指出的那样,“我们假设立法机关熟悉普通法传统和原则,将法定语言解释为普通法背景。” Marino诉Lenoir,526 S.W. 3d 403,409(Tex。2017)。《侵权索赔法》是在我们认识到“诚实信仰”
在执行任务发布之前,决定政府,工业和学术界的各种利益相关者应该提出一份联合报告,概述了该国研究和技术开发的现状,并为国家研究和创新路线图提供了建议,以支持绿色氢生态系统。Accordingly, a drafting committee was constituted with experts and representatives from Office of Principal Scientific Advisor, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural gas, NITI Aayog, Department of Science & Technology, Department of Atomic Energy, Defense Research and Development Organization, Indian Space Research Organization, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Indian Institute of Science, IIT Delhi, IIT Madras, IIT Bombay, IIT Kharagpur,IIT Kanpur,IIT ROORKEE,IIT GUWAHATI,IIT海得拉巴,中央电动化学研究所,国家化学研究所,国家化学实验室,NTPC- NETRA - NETRA,国家太阳能研究所,印度工业联合会,印度氢联盟的联合会,印度自然工业,印度自然工业,环境,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构,国际机构。资源研究所。新和可再生能源部联合秘书是委员会的召集人。
1 本意见重点关注科罗拉多州的政治细分原则,不涉及该原则的联邦版本。科罗拉多州的判例法以多种方式引用了此处描述的原则。参见,例如,Aurora Pub. Sch. v. AS, 2023 CO 39, ¶ 32, 531 P.3d 1036, 1045(“政治细分原则”);Aurora Urb. Renewal Auth. v. Kaiser, 2022 COA 5, ¶ 35, 507 P.3d 1033, 1041(“政治细分地位原则”);Romer v. Bd. of Cnty。 Comm'rs,956 P.2d 566, 573 (Colo. 1998)(“马丁规则”(引用 Maurer v. Young Life,779 P.2d 1317, 1323 (Colo. 1989)));City of Greenwood Vill. v. Petitioners for Proposed City of Centennial,3 P.3d 427, 436 (Colo. 2000)(描述该原则但未提供标签)。在本意见中,我们交替使用“政治细分原则”和“马丁规则”这两个术语。
但是,必须区分。官方免疫保护个人;政府免疫保护政府实体。参见Dewitt诉Harris County,904 S.W. 2d 650,654(Tex。1995)。个人被告承担着建立官方免疫要素的负担。Brown&Gay Eng'g,Inc。诉Olivares,461 S.W. 3d 117,128(Tex。2015)(“ [U] Nlike主权免疫。 。 。 官方免疫是一种肯定的辩护,必须由当事方主张并证明。”)。 但政府免于诉讼的免疫力是原告必须克服的管辖权。 Swanson,590 S.W.3d,第549卷,第550页。 上诉法院错误地指出:“ [b]官方免疫力是肯定的辩护,负担承担着建立该辩护的所有要素的负担。” 654 S.W.3d 772,780(Tex。 app。 2022)。 作为摘要判断的动作者,这座城市承担了负担,因为它选择了主张其判决权的程序工具。 参见Swanson,590 S.W.3d,第551页。2015)(“ [U] Nlike主权免疫。。。官方免疫是一种肯定的辩护,必须由当事方主张并证明。”)。但政府免于诉讼的免疫力是原告必须克服的管辖权。Swanson,590 S.W.3d,第549卷,第550页。上诉法院错误地指出:“ [b]官方免疫力是肯定的辩护,负担承担着建立该辩护的所有要素的负担。” 654 S.W.3d 772,780(Tex。app。2022)。作为摘要判断的动作者,这座城市承担了负担,因为它选择了主张其判决权的程序工具。参见Swanson,590 S.W.3d,第551页。
Pub。 L. 92-463。 86 Stat。 770(5 U.S.C. div> 应用。 1 et seq。 (1982))......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 18 U.S.C. 201 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26,28 18 U.S.C. 202 (C) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 227 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>Pub。L.92-463。86 Stat。770(5 U.S.C. div>应用。1 et seq。(1982))......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 18 U.S.C.201 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26,28 18 U.S.C. 202 (C) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 227 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>201 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26,28 18 U.S.C.202 (C) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 227 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>202 (C) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................227 ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>227 .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>241 ..................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C.371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>371 ....................................................................... 13, 24, 24, 4A 18 U.S.C.607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C. 1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C. 1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>607 (a) (1) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... by 25 18 18 18 18 18 18 U.S.C.1111 ........................................................................ 26 18 U.S.C.1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>1512 ............................................................................... 23, 4A 18 U.S.C.1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C. 1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>1512 (C) ........................................................................... 24, 4A 18 U.S.C.1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C. 2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC. 2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>1512 (C) (2) ........................................................... 3, 23, 4a 18 U.S.C.2381 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 18 U.SC.2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>2384 ........................................................................... 26 DIV>
343 U.S. 579 (1952) ...................................................................................................... 14, 19 U.S. Constitution, Statutes, Rules 18 U.S.C.§ 1512(c)(2) .......................................................................................................... 4, 18 28 U.S.C.§ 1291 ...................................................................................................................... 33 D.C. Cir.R. 41(a)(1) ................................................................................................................... 8 H. Res.24, 117th Cong.(2021) ................................................................................................... 4 Sup.ct。 R. 10(c) ................................................................................................................ 2, 9-11 U.S. C ONST .艺术。i,§3,cl。7 ................................................................................. i, 16, 20, 28-29 U.S. C ONST .艺术。ii,§1,cl。1 .................................................................................................... 12 Other Authorities 3 J.的保守党,关于united s tates的机构的信息,ch。37,§1563
