3.1 阶段(高级) 11 3.1.1 能力和技能开发 12 3.1.2 密码学发现与分析 12 3.1.3 业务风险分析 12 3.1.4 优先级排序、规划与治理 13 3.1.5 补救措施执行 13 3.1.6 运营与持续加密治理 13 3.2 国家和地区的后量子政府举措 13 3.3 自动化初步建议 13 3.4 算法标准化:非对称加密 14 3.4.1 密钥建立 14 3.4.2 无状态数字签名 15 3.4.3 有状态数字签名 16 3.5 迁移选项 16 3.5.1 混合方案 17 3.5.2 用于代码签名的数字签名 17 3.6 影响对称加密的影响 17 3.6.1 对称密钥大小 17 3.7 对哈希函数的影响 18 3.8 对广泛使用的协议 (TLS、IPSec) 的影响 19 3.8.1 传输层安全协议 (TLS) 19 3.8.2 互联网密钥交换协议 (IKE) 20 3.8.3 加密清单影响 20 3.9 零信任架构框架考虑 21 3.9.1 后量子加密背景下的零信任架构 21 4 电信用例:系统影响和指南 22
Samples from our Projects / Products: • Satellite data handling software for EgSACube Series and Micro-satellites (NARSSCube-1&2, NExSat-1, etc…) • On-Board computer & data handling subsystem (CDHS) for EgSACube and Micro-satellites (NARSSCube-1&2, NExSat-2) • TT&C communication subsystems for EgSACube Series and Micro-Satellites(NarSscube-1&2,nexsat-2)•Cubesat(EGSACUBE-5)和微型 - 卫星(NexSat-2)(NexSat-2)的Leo GPS接收器子系统•可配置的遥测模块(TLM)子系统,用于微型 - 卫星(Nexssat-2)(Nexssat-2)•SARTHETILE•SARTHETECERET pREATTER RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR RADAR(
摘要 - 生成人工智能(Genai)的兴起正在改变电信行业。Genai模型,尤其是大型语言模型(LLMS),已成为能够推动创新,提高效率并在电信中提供卓越客户服务的强大工具。本文提供了从理论到实践的电信的Genai的概述。我们回顾了Genai模型,并讨论了他们在电信中的实际应用。此外,我们描述了有效地将Genai应用于电信的关键技术推动因素和最佳实践。我们强调了将LLMS连接到电信域特定数据源以增强LLMS响应的准确性时,检索增强生成(RAG)的重要性。我们提出了一个基于抹布的聊天机器人的真实世界用例,该案例可以回答开放式广播访问网络(O-RAN)特定问题。聊天机器人向O-Ran联盟的演示引发了对该行业的巨大兴趣。我们已经在Github上公开访问O-Ran Rag Chatbot。
4.4.1。Conduct constituting certificate acceptance ................................................................... 35 4.4.2.CA出版证书............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 4.4.3。Notification of certificate issuance by the CA to other entities ....................................... 35 4.5.k ey p air and c ertificate u sage ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 36 4.5.1。Subscriber private key and certificate usage .................................................................. 36 4.5.2.Relying party public key and certificate usage ............................................................... 36 4.6.C ERTIFICATE R ENEWAL ....................................................................................................... 36 4.6.1.Circumstance for certificate renewal.............................................................................. 36 4.6.2. Who may request renewal ............................................................................................... 36 4.6.3.处理证书续订请求........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 4.6.4。Notification of new certificate issuance to subscriber .................................................... 36 4.6.5.行为构成续签证书的接受............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 37 4.6.6。CA出版的续签证书................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 37 4.6.7。Notification of certificate issuance by the CA to other entities ....................................... 37 4.7.C ERTIFICATE R E - KEY ........................................................................................................... 37 4.7.1.Circumstance for certificate re-key ................................................................................ 37 4.7.2. Who may request certification of a new public key ....................................................... 37 4.7.3.Processing certificate re-keying requests ....................................................................... 37 4.7.4.Notification of new certificate issuance to subscriber .................................................... 37 4.7.5.Conduct constituting acceptance of a re-keyed certificate ............................................. 37 4.7.6.CA由CA的重新钥匙证书出版............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38 4.7.7Notification of certificate issuance by the CA to other entities ....................................... 38 4.8.c or毒性..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 4.8.1。证书修改的情况............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38 4.8.2。谁可以要求修改证书............................................................................................................................ 38 4.8.3。处理证书修改请求.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 4.8.4。Notification of new certificate issuance to subscriber .................................................... 38 4.8.5.Conduct constituting acceptance of modified certificate ................................................ 38 4.8.6.Publication of the modified certificate by the CA ........................................................... 38 4.8.7.Notification of certificate issuance by the CA to other entities ....................................... 38 4.9.C ERTIFICATE R EVOCATION AND S USPENSION ...................................................................... 39 4.9.1.Circumstances for revocation ......................................................................................... 39 4.9.2. Who can request revocation ........................................................................................... 39 4.9.3.Procedure for revocation request ................................................................................... 39 4.9.4.Revocation request grace period .................................................................................... 40 4.9.5.CA必须处理撤销请求的时间....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 4.9.6。撤销检查要求依赖方............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 4.9.7。CRL issuance frequency ................................................................................................. 41 4.9.8.Maximum latency for CRLs ............................................................................................ 41 4.9.9.在线撤销/状态检查可用性........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 4.9.10。 On-line revocation checking requirements ..................................................................... 41 4.9.11. 其他形式的吊销广告可用................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41 4.9.12。 Special requirement re-key compromise ......................................................................... 41 4.9.13. 悬架的情况...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 4.9.14。 Who can request suspension ........................................................................................... 42 4.9.15. Procedure for suspension request ................................................................................... 42 4.9.16. 暂停期限的限制....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 4.10。 C ERTIFICATE S TATUS S ERVICES ........................................................................................... 43 4.10.1. Operational characteristics ............................................................................................ 43 4.10.2. Services availability ........................................................................................................ 43 4.10.3. Optional features ............................................................................................................ 43 4.11. Session key encapsulation and recovery policy and practices ........................................ 43在线撤销/状态检查可用性........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 4.9.10。On-line revocation checking requirements ..................................................................... 41 4.9.11.其他形式的吊销广告可用................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41 4.9.12。Special requirement re-key compromise ......................................................................... 41 4.9.13.悬架的情况...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 4.9.14。 Who can request suspension ........................................................................................... 42 4.9.15.Procedure for suspension request ................................................................................... 42 4.9.16.暂停期限的限制....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42 4.10。C ERTIFICATE S TATUS S ERVICES ........................................................................................... 43 4.10.1.Operational characteristics ............................................................................................ 43 4.10.2.Services availability ........................................................................................................ 43 4.10.3.Optional features ............................................................................................................ 43 4.11.Session key encapsulation and recovery policy and practices ........................................ 43E ND OF S UBSCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 43 4.12.K EY E SCROW AND R ECOVERY ............................................................................................. 43 4.12.1.Key Escrow and recovery policy and practices .............................................................. 43 4.12.2.
2020 年 • Etisalat UAE 在移动网络性能方面被公认为全球领先运营商 • 该集团完成了对 Help AG 在阿联酋和沙特阿拉伯业务的收购 • Etisalat 连续第三年被 Brand Finance 评为中东和非洲地区“最有价值消费者品牌” 2021 年 • 该集团的外资持股比例上限从 20% 增加到 49% • Etisalat 被评为中东和非洲地区所有类别中最强大的品牌 • e& 将摩洛哥电信集团的所有权增加了 4.7% 至 53%,并收购了阿联酋的在线市场 elGrocer
1 GSMA,《2024 年移动经济报告》:https://www.gsma.com/solutions-and-impact/connectivity-for-good/mobile-economy/wp- content/uploads/2024/02/260224-The-Mobile-Economy-2024.pdf
塞浦路斯的电信历史始于 1870 年 11 月 9 日,当时决定通过英国“纽沃尔公司”铺设的海底电缆将塞浦路斯与拉塔基亚电报连接起来。电缆的塞浦路斯终端位于法马古斯塔东北部的卡帕西亚的 Ayios Theodoros。从那里开始,一个内部电报网络被建立起来,将 Ayios Theodoros 连接到尼科西亚,将尼科西亚连接到拉纳卡。当时,塞浦路斯的商业中心是尼科西亚和拉纳卡,拉纳卡也是该岛的主要港口以及所有领事馆所在的城镇。这条电报链路是塞浦路斯电信发展的第一步。1878 年,塞浦路斯受到英国殖民统治。同年,“东方电报公司”获得许可,安装一条新的电报电缆,通过其他海底电缆将拉纳卡与亚历山大港连接起来,然后与伦敦连接起来。这条电缆于 1878 年 10 月 19 日启用,没有使用任何中继器,其容量为一个电报信道。还建立了一个更全面的内部网络,连接六个主要城镇和特罗多斯山区,夏季期间政府官员和主要政府服务机构会迁往该地区。拉纳卡当时是塞浦路斯著名的商业中心,也成为新成立的电报通信中心。电报信息的传输基于手动系统 ca
在可见波长下片上创建相干光对于光谱和计量系统的现场部署至关重要。虽然在特定情况下已经实现了片上激光器,但是尚未报道不受特定增益介质限制的通用解决方案。在这里,我们提出使用硅纳米光子学通过宽分离的光参量振荡 (OPO) 从红外泵浦产生可见光。OPO 使用 900 nm 泵浦分别在 700 nm 和 1300 nm 波段产生信号光和闲置光。它以 (0.9 ± 0.1) mW 的阈值功率工作,比其他仅在红外领域报道过的宽分离微腔 OPO 工作小 50 倍以上。这种低阈值使得直接泵浦成为可能,而无需中间光放大器。我们进一步展示了如何修改设备设计以产生具有相似功率效率的 780 nm 和 1500 nm 光。我们的 nanophotonic O PO 在功率效率、操作稳定性和设备可扩展性方面表现出了独特的优势,并且是朝着灵活地在芯片上产生相干可见光迈出的一大步。