尽管有几种备受瞩目的最先进的方法可用,但分析批量RNA-Seq数据仍在面临重大挑战。最近的研究的证据表明,流行的差异表达(DE)工具(例如EDGER和DESEQ2)容易受到惊人的错误发现率(FDR)的影响。这些研究表明,在这些模型中观察到的FDR通货膨胀可能归因于诸如违反参数假设的问题或无法有效处理数据中的异常值。在这里,我们认为群体异质性也可以促进这一提升的FDR,这一现象在很大程度上被研究界忽略了。我们介绍了一种新型的统计模型Robseq,该模型旨在在差异分析中有效的每种功能建模,当时是当群均均一的假设未得到满足时。Robseq利用了稳健的统计文献中建立的统计机制,包括M估计量来稳健地估计基因表达水平变化和Huber-Cameron方差估计器来计算异性设置中的鲁棒标准误差。此外,出于推理目的,它还结合了Welch T统计量的自由度调整,有效地解决了RNA-Seq差异表达中FDR通胀的问题。通过详细的模拟和全面的基准测试,我们表明Robseq成功地将错误的发现和I型错误率保持在名义级别,同时与众所周知的DE方法相比保留了高统计能力。对种群级RNA-seq数据的分析进一步表明,Robseq能够鉴定出与复杂人类疾病有关的具有生物学上重要的信号和途径,这些信号和途径涉及复杂的人类疾病,否则这些信号和途径否则无法通过已发表的方法揭示。Robseq的实现可在https://github.com/schatterjee30/robseq上公开提供。
Figure 7.Chest CT scan 16 months after surgery: (A) Lung window shows multiple small nodular lesions in both lungs, with a high possibility of bilateral lung metastases, changes compared to previous scan not significant.(B) Bone window shows bone destruction at the posterior edge of the T8 vertebral body and its attachments, indicating a high possibility of bone me- tastasis; (C) and (D) are upper abdominal MR scans 16 months after surgery, showing a nodular abnormal signal shadow with a long diameter of approximately 33mm in the left adrenal area, with slight uneven enhancement.The nodular abnormal signal shadow in the left adrenal area has significantly increased compared to before, indicating a high possibility of metastatic tumor 图 7.术后 16 个月胸部 CT , (A) 肺窗示双肺多发小结节灶,考虑双肺转移瘤可能性大,较前变化不明显, (B) 骨窗 示约 T8 椎体后缘及附件骨质破坏,骨转移可能性大; (C) (D) 术后 16 个月上腹 MR ,左侧肾上腺区可见长径约 33 mm 的结节状异常信号影,不均匀轻度强化,左侧肾上腺区结节状异常信号影,较前明显增大,考虑转移瘤可能性大
调查编号:2020第35号)。所有对象均签署知情同意书。在中华医学会胸科学分会肺癌学组统筹协调下,对全国330位肺癌专家和820例NSCLC患者进行了网络问卷调查。从中华医学会胸科学分会肺癌学组、中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO)青年肺癌学组、中国呼吸肿瘤协作组(CROC)专家处回收有效问卷321份,同时从中国NSCLC患者中回收有效问卷808份,问卷有效回收率为98.17%。接受调查的专家来自呼吸内科、肿瘤科、胸外科、放疗科等科室。
本演示文稿包含有关未来结果,绩效和成就的前瞻性陈述,这些陈述受风险和不确定性的影响,并反映了由可用信息形成的管理层的观点和假设。历史事实陈述以外的所有陈述都是可以认为是前瞻性陈述的陈述。在此文档中使用时,诸如“预期”,“相信”,“估计”,“期望”,“打算”,“五月”,“计划”,“项目”或“应该”和类似表达式(与佳能相关的表达)之类的词,旨在识别前瞻性陈述。Many factors could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Canon to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including, among others, changes in general economic and business conditions, changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates, introduction of competing products by other companies, lack of acceptance of new products or services by Canon's targeted customers, inability to meet efficiency and cost reduction objectives, changes in business strategy and various其他因素,均在本演讲中引用和未引用。应实现一个或多个风险或不确定性,或者基本假设证明不正确,实际结果可能与本文所述的结果有很大不同。佳能不打算或承担更新这些前瞻性语句的任何义务。
本演示文稿包含有关未来结果,绩效和成就的前瞻性陈述,这些陈述受风险和不确定性的影响,并反映了由可用信息形成的管理层的观点和假设。历史事实陈述以外的所有陈述都是可以认为是前瞻性陈述的陈述。在此文档中使用时,诸如“预期”,“相信”,“估计”,“期望”,“打算”,“五月”,“计划”,“项目”或“应该”和类似表达式(与佳能相关的表达)之类的词,旨在识别前瞻性陈述。Many factors could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Canon to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements, including, among others, changes in general economic and business conditions, changes in currency exchange rates and interest rates, introduction of competing products by other companies, lack of acceptance of new products or services by Canon's targeted customers, inability to meet efficiency and cost reduction objectives, changes in business strategy and various其他因素,均在本演讲中引用和未引用。应实现一个或多个风险或不确定性,或者基本假设证明不正确,实际结果可能与本文所述的结果有很大不同。佳能不打算或承担更新这些前瞻性语句的任何义务。
