1)随着分布式光伏统筹上网电价逐年下降以及储能系统成本降低,建设分布式+储能系统实现 分布式电源全部就地消纳具有较好的经济效益,同时利用储能系统每天“两充两放”的特性, 合理利用阶梯电价,提高系统效益。With the distributed PV grid prices and the energy storage system cost decreasing every year, there is good economic benefit to build the distributed + energy storage system to achieve all the local power consumption, and because the energy storage system charges and discharges twice every day, the step tariff , if well employed, can increase the system benefit. 2)通过能量管理系统控制分布式电源+储能系统平滑输出,减小外部气象条件对分布式电源输 出的影响,提高供电电能质量。Achieving smooth output from the distributed power supply + energy storage system by the energy management system, reducing the impact to the distributed power output from the external weather conditions and improving the quality of power supply. 3)通过分布式电源+储能系统组成并网型微电网系统,当电网故障时,自动切换至独立运行模 式,保持重要负荷连续供电/或者利用储能系统代替企业原有设计起到后备电源(UPS)的作 用。When the grid breaks down, the microgrid system that is composed of the distributed power supply + energy storage system automatically switches to stand-alone mode, which maintains continuous power supply or uses energy storage system to replace the UPS in the original design.
2.3 运行约束 储能电站的规划与运行决策存在强耦合关 系。在不同位置接入储能电站将对系统运行的安 全性、经济性与可靠性造成不同影响。为了支持网 侧储能选址定容方案的科学决策,需充分考虑储能 充放电特性、有功 / 无功综合潮流、电压偏移限制、供 电可靠性要求等关键因素,进行精细化的运行建 模。故引入运行约束如下。 2.3.1 功率平衡约束
Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abdallah, J., Abdinov, O., Aben, R., Abolins, M., AbouZeid, S., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abreu, R., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B.S., Adamczyk, L., Adams, D.L., Adelman, J., Adomeit, S., Adye, T., Affolder, A.A., Agatonovic-Jovin, T., …, Woods, N. (2015)。
KEY: HepB = Hepatitis B , PENTA = Diptheria+Tetanus+Acellular Pertussis+HiB+IPV, VAXELIS = Diptheria+Tetanus+Acellular Pertussis+HiB+HepB+IPV , PCV20 = Pneumococcal 20-valent Conjugate, ROTA = Rotavirus, QUADRA = Diptheria+Tetanus+细胞百日咳+IPV,MMRV =麻疹+腮腺炎+风疹+vricella+vricella(chirpox),hepa =肝炎A,TDAP = TETAP = TETANUS+DIPTHANUS+diptheria+Acellular+acellular+cucv4 = mcv4 = meningoccal serogroup a,meningoccal serogroup a,meningoccal a,men cophom a,c,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,y,脑膜菌血清群B