巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非：他们在废物再利用方面的表现如何

伊夫在这里。 Recycling and waste processing are or should be important practices that get far too little attention. A lot of consumer schemes, like separating garbage, are so inconsistently applied as to be of no use (do not get me started on what I have seen all over the world) when business and industrial programs would seem to have more potential (as in re-use more material and also be easier to implement and manage due to the scale of operations). I assume those are in place in forward-thinking countries, but the US fixates on household-level feel-goodery.

Also in a bit of drafting laziness, the authors designate Russia an emerging country by virtue of its membership in BRICS.

The global economy still largely follows a simple pattern: extract natural resources, manufacture products, use them and then throw them away. This “take, make, dispose” model has driven economic growth for decades.但资源使用的增加也破坏了环境，导致气候变化、生物多样性丧失和污染。

Circular economies could be a solution.我们的想法是通过再利用、维修和回收来尽可能长时间地保持材料的使用。通过这种方式，货物在经济内部循环，而不是最终作为废物被扔到垃圾场。

For rapidly developing economies, this approach is becoming increasingly important.

We are researchers working on waste management, circular economy and sustainability transitions in emerging economies.

In a recent book chapter, we looked at how the original Brics countries – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa – deal with climate change adaptation and pursue sustainability. (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia and the United Arab Emirates have since joined Brics.)

We reviewed existing research on the countries’ policies, technologies and business models to identify the main opportunities, challenges and policy lessons.

Why Brics Countries Face Growing Pressure

Circular Economy in Practice

Opportunities for Innovation

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