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司法部打击学位膨胀
司法部的一项新意见将有助于使大学学位摆脱对民权法的误导性解释而莫名其妙地登上的宝座。司法部打击学位膨胀的帖子首先出现在美国企业研究所 - AEI 上。
来源:美国进取研究所信息You’re not imagining it: the bar for breaking into certain jobs has risen.学位膨胀——以前不需要大学学位的工作要求大学学位的趋势——给社会带来了严重的成本。它关闭了没有学位的工人的工作机会，加剧了技术职业的劳动力短缺，并助长了资格认证的跑步机，迫使学生花费更多的时间和金钱来获得同样的工作资格。
Some of this has been driven by a backwards legal regime that carves out college degree requirements from civil rights laws. The Justice Department recently issued an opinion that could start to change that.
Degree inflation has affected jobs across the economy.过去以高中文凭作为入门级资格的工作越来越需要大学学位。 1990年，只有9%的秘书拥有学士学位。此后这一比例已上升至 35%。 Jobs that used to have broad noncollege pathways into the field are seeing those paths contract. While 46 percent of registered nurses held a four-year degree in 1990, 75 percent of nurses have one today.
Part of the explanation lies in the legal regime that governs how employers may decide whom to hire.根据不同影响原则，雇主通常不能依赖在不同人口群体中产生显着不同结果的招聘测试或筛选标准，除非这些标准“与相关职位的工作相关并符合业务需要”。
正如美国第一政策研究所的克里斯托弗·肖尔 (Christopher Schorr) 和杰伊·梅内斯 (Jay Menees) 所写的文件，监管机构将此法律解释为阻止雇主使用就业能力测试、笔试和英语水平测试等。 Curiously—and for reasons that are unclear even to legal experts—regulators have not applied the same logic to college degrees.