指导卫生系统的预防和控制NCD,关注生活环境及其相关风险因素至关重要。所谓的卫生社会决定因素(SDH)(7)是最广泛的框架之一,这些框架结合了人们在流行评估中生活和成长的环境。根据Bhattacharya等。( 8 ), the underlying causes of NCDs at the community level should be considered as a “collateral damage” from the interaction between SDH at different levels, including individual characteristics (genetics, age, gender, ethnicity) and choices (habits and lifestyles), living circumstances (socioeconomic status, SES), geographical settings (rural or urban environments), but also the macroeconomic and political backgrounds, along与其他总体力量。