在 ELBAS 项目中,我们在模拟渡轮车辆甲板的实景火灾设置中确定并测试了各种火灾探测和灭火技术,并使用渡轮上实际车辆甲板的 CFD 模型进行了火灾模拟。这些技术包括几种便携式雾幕和底盘冷却装置、几个电池穿透灭火系统、一个大型隔热防火毯、一个固定水雾喷淋系统、气体探测以及组合灭火方法。CFD 模拟能够表明,在某些火灾条件下,主动使用通风可以作为火灾管理策略的一部分。
2.1能源市场..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1.1芬兰能源市场.....................................................................................Elspot market ............................................................................................. 20 2.1.1.1.2.Elbas market ............................................................................................... 20 2.1.1.2 Ancillary service markets .............................................................................. 20 2.1.1.2.1.频率遏制储备(FCR)....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 2.1.1.2.1.1。FCR for normal operation (FCR-N) ....................................................... 22 2.1.1.2.1.2.fcr用于干扰(FCR-D)....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.1.1.2.2。频率恢复储备(FRR)................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 2.1.1.2.2.1。Automatic frequency restoration reserve (aFRR) ................................... 23 2.1.1.2.2.2.手动频率修复储备(MFRR)............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.1.2.1。Balancing power market ............................................................................ 25 2.1.1.2.1.1.UP-regulation ......................................................................................... 25 2.1.1.2.1.2.Down-regulation ..................................................................................... 25 2.1.1.2.2.储备市场运营................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... QUESS申请的背景使用的市场(比较) (Midcontinent Independent System Operators) .................................. 28 2.1.2.4 NYISO (New York Independent System Operator) ...................................... 28 2.1.2.5 ISO-NE (The Independent System Operator New England) ......................... 28 2.1.2.6 SPP (The Southwest Power Pool ) ................................................................. 29 2.1.2.7 CAISO (The California Independent System Operator) ................................ 29