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Bertrandt报告2023/2024财政年度的初步数据，伯特兰特一贯实施收入优化计划Ehningen，11月13日
伯特兰特（Bertrandt）发表了2023/2024财政年度的初步，未经审计的数字。在审查期间，总收入约为11.86亿欧元（上一年：1,1.574亿欧元），ETIT达到了约98万欧元（上一年：5.01亿欧元）。结果包括一次性支出，总费用约为4.15亿欧元。正如预期的那样，EBIT显着低于上一年的数字。根据初步计算，贝特兰特集团在2023/2024财政年度税后的收入约为-78万欧元（上一年：3040万欧元）。免费现金流量约为2023/2024财年（上一年：710万欧元）的5000万欧元。运营活动的现金流量为积极。投资约为2000万欧元。
M.Sc.电气工程和信息技术-2015M.Sc.电气工程和信息技术-2015
10.58。硬件综合和优化-T-Etit-113922 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 414 10.59。hardware/software co-design-T-etit-100671 ........................................................................................................... 415 10.60. High-performance microwave technology-T-E-ETIT-100791 ............................................................................................................................................................. High-voltage testing technology-T-E-ETIT-101915 .............................................................................................................. 417 10.62. high voltage technology-T-ETIT-1110266 .................................................................................................................... 418 10.63. industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64. Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................hardware/software co-design-T-etit-100671 ........................................................................................................... 415 10.60.High-performance microwave technology-T-E-ETIT-100791 ............................................................................................................................................................. High-voltage testing technology-T-E-ETIT-101915 .............................................................................................................. 417 10.62. high voltage technology-T-ETIT-1110266 .................................................................................................................... 418 10.63. industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64. Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................High-performance microwave technology-T-E-ETIT-100791 .............................................................................................................................................................High-voltage testing technology-T-E-ETIT-101915 .............................................................................................................. 417 10.62. high voltage technology-T-ETIT-1110266 .................................................................................................................... 418 10.63. industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64. Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................High-voltage testing technology-T-E-ETIT-101915 .............................................................................................................. 417 10.62.high voltage technology-T-ETIT-1110266 .................................................................................................................... 418 10.63. industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64. Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................high voltage technology-T-ETIT-1110266 .................................................................................................................... 418 10.63.industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64. Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................industrial business management-T-WIWI-100796 ........................................................................................................... 419 10.64.Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65. Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................Information fusion-T-E-ETIT-106499 ............................................................................................................................... 420 10.65.Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 ......................................................................................................................... Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................Information technology in industrial automation-T-E-E-ETIT-100698 .........................................................................................................................Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................Innovation Lab-T-E-ETIT-1110291 .............................................................................................................................................................................Integrated intelligent sensors-T-E-E-ETIT-100961 ........................................................................................................... 423 10.68.Integrated systems and circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-100972 .................................................................................................. 424 10.69.互化团队Project-T-E-Etit-106110 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 425 10.70。汽车和工业激光雷达技术简介-111011 .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Introduction to the Scientific Method (Seminar)-T-E-ETIT-11317 ......................................................................................................... 427 10.72. IT/OT-Security Seminar-T-E-ETIT-113648 ................................................................................................................ 428 10.73. Lab Course on Noise Thermometry-T-E-ETIT-112714 .................................................................................................................... 429 10.74. Lab Course Printed Flexible Electronics-T-E-ETIT-113075 ............................................................................................... 430 10.75. Laboratory Technology-T-E-ETIT-111009 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... human-machine interaction in anthropomatic: Basic knowledge-T-Info-101361 ........................................... 450 10.95.Introduction to the Scientific Method (Seminar)-T-E-ETIT-11317 ......................................................................................................... 427 10.72.IT/OT-Security Seminar-T-E-ETIT-113648 ................................................................................................................ 428 10.73. Lab Course on Noise Thermometry-T-E-ETIT-112714 .................................................................................................................... 429 10.74. Lab Course Printed Flexible Electronics-T-E-ETIT-113075 ............................................................................................... 430 10.75. Laboratory Technology-T-E-ETIT-111009 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... human-machine interaction in anthropomatic: Basic knowledge-T-Info-101361 ........................................... 450 10.95.IT/OT-Security Seminar-T-E-ETIT-113648 ................................................................................................................ 428 10.73.Lab Course on Noise Thermometry-T-E-ETIT-112714 .................................................................................................................... 429 10.74. Lab Course Printed Flexible Electronics-T-E-ETIT-113075 ............................................................................................... 430 10.75. Laboratory Technology-T-E-ETIT-111009 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... human-machine interaction in anthropomatic: Basic knowledge-T-Info-101361 ........................................... 450 10.95.Lab Course on Noise Thermometry-T-E-ETIT-112714 .................................................................................................................... 429 10.74.Lab Course Printed Flexible Electronics-T-E-ETIT-113075 ............................................................................................... 430 10.75.Laboratory Technology-T-E-ETIT-111009 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... human-machine interaction in anthropomatic: Basic knowledge-T-Info-101361 ........................................... 450 10.95.Laboratory Technology-T-E-ETIT-111009 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................human-machine interaction in anthropomatic: Basic knowledge-T-Info-101361 ........................................... 450 10.95.Labor Circuit design-T-E-ETIT-100788 ....................................................................................................................... 432 10.77. Laboratory Modern Software Tools in Power Engineering-T-E-E-ETIT-1110898 .............................................................................. 433 10.78. LASER METROLOGY-T-ETIT-100643 .............................................................................................................................. 434 10.79. Laser Physics-T-E-ETIT-100741 ............................................................................................................................ 435 10.80. Power electronics for photovoltaics and wind energy-T-E-ETIT-104569 ................................................................... 436 10.81. Power electronic systems in energy technology-T-E-ETIT-112286 ....................................................................... 437 10.82. lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83. Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Labor Circuit design-T-E-ETIT-100788 ....................................................................................................................... 432 10.77.Laboratory Modern Software Tools in Power Engineering-T-E-E-ETIT-1110898 .............................................................................. 433 10.78.LASER METROLOGY-T-ETIT-100643 .............................................................................................................................. 434 10.79. Laser Physics-T-E-ETIT-100741 ............................................................................................................................ 435 10.80. Power electronics for photovoltaics and wind energy-T-E-ETIT-104569 ................................................................... 436 10.81. Power electronic systems in energy technology-T-E-ETIT-112286 ....................................................................... 437 10.82. lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83. Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................LASER METROLOGY-T-ETIT-100643 .............................................................................................................................. 434 10.79.Laser Physics-T-E-ETIT-100741 ............................................................................................................................ 435 10.80. Power electronics for photovoltaics and wind energy-T-E-ETIT-104569 ................................................................... 436 10.81. Power electronic systems in energy technology-T-E-ETIT-112286 ....................................................................... 437 10.82. lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83. Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Laser Physics-T-E-ETIT-100741 ............................................................................................................................ 435 10.80.Power electronics for photovoltaics and wind energy-T-E-ETIT-104569 ................................................................... 436 10.81. Power electronic systems in energy technology-T-E-ETIT-112286 ....................................................................... 437 10.82. lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83. Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Power electronics for photovoltaics and wind energy-T-E-ETIT-104569 ................................................................... 436 10.81.Power electronic systems in energy technology-T-E-ETIT-112286 ....................................................................... 437 10.82.lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83. Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................lighting technology-T-E-ETIT-100772 ......................................................................................................................................................... 438 10.83.Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84. Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Light and Display Engineering-T-E-ETIT-100644 ........................................................................................................ 439 10.84.Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Lighting Design - Theory and Applications - T -E -ETIT -100997 .................................................................................................................................Communications-t-e-etit-1123中的机器学习和优化..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 441 10.86。Machine Learning and Optimization in Energy Systems-T-WiWi-113073 ......................................................................................................... Machine Vision-T-Mach-105223 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 机器学习1-基本过程-T -WIWI -106340 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 444 10.89。 机器学习2-高级过程-T -WIWI -106341 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 445 10.90。 Master thesis-T-E-ETIT-100987 ................................................................................................................................ 446 10.91. 指导和导航T-E-Etit-113425的医学图像处理.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 447 10.92。 Medical measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-113607 ........................................................................................................................................................... Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94. 微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Machine Learning and Optimization in Energy Systems-T-WiWi-113073 .........................................................................................................Machine Vision-T-Mach-105223 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 机器学习1-基本过程-T -WIWI -106340 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 444 10.89。 机器学习2-高级过程-T -WIWI -106341 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 445 10.90。 Master thesis-T-E-ETIT-100987 ................................................................................................................................ 446 10.91. 指导和导航T-E-Etit-113425的医学图像处理.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 447 10.92。 Medical measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-113607 ........................................................................................................................................................... Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94. 微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Machine Vision-T-Mach-105223 .............................................................................................................................................................................机器学习1-基本过程-T -WIWI -106340 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 444 10.89。机器学习2-高级过程-T -WIWI -106341 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 445 10.90。Master thesis-T-E-ETIT-100987 ................................................................................................................................ 446 10.91. 指导和导航T-E-Etit-113425的医学图像处理.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 447 10.92。 Medical measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-113607 ........................................................................................................................................................... Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94. 微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Master thesis-T-E-ETIT-100987 ................................................................................................................................ 446 10.91.指导和导航T-E-Etit-113425的医学图像处理.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 447 10.92。Medical measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-113607 ........................................................................................................................................................... Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94. 微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Medical measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-113607 ...........................................................................................................................................................Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94. 微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Mensch-machine interaction-T-Info-101266 ................................................................................................................... 449 10.94.微波技术/微波工程-T-E-ETIT-100802 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................Microenergy Technology-T-Mach-105557 ................................................................................................................................................................. 微效应-T-MACH-101910 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 452 10.97。 microsystem technology-T-E-ETIT-100752 ....................................................................................................................... 453 10.98. microwave measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-100733 .................................................................................................................. 454 10.99. Miniating passive microwave circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-108389 ............................................................................... 456 10.101. mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102. Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.Microenergy Technology-T-Mach-105557 .................................................................................................................................................................微效应-T-MACH-101910 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 452 10.97。microsystem technology-T-E-ETIT-100752 ....................................................................................................................... 453 10.98. microwave measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-100733 .................................................................................................................. 454 10.99. Miniating passive microwave circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-108389 ............................................................................... 456 10.101. mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102. Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.microsystem technology-T-E-ETIT-100752 ....................................................................................................................... 453 10.98.microwave measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-100733 .................................................................................................................. 454 10.99. Miniating passive microwave circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-108389 ............................................................................... 456 10.101. mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102. Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.microwave measurement technology-T-E-ETIT-100733 .................................................................................................................. 454 10.99.Miniating passive microwave circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-108389 ............................................................................... 456 10.101. mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102. Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.Miniating passive microwave circuits-T-E-E-ETIT-108389 ............................................................................... 456 10.101.mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102. Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.mmic Design Laboratory-T-E-ETIT-111006 .............................................................................................................. 457 10.102.Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103. Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 ......................................................................................................................................................... Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.Mobile Communications II-T-E-ETIT-112679 .......................................................................................................... 458 10.103.Mobile Communications Workshop-T-E-ETIT-113063 .........................................................................................................................................................Model formation of electrochemical systems-T-E-ETIT-100781 .............................................................................................. 460 10.105.Modern Radio Systems Engineering-T-E-E-ETIT-100735 .................................................................................................................................................................................................Sample recognition-T-Info-101362 ................................................................................................................................................................... 10.107. Message Technology II / Communications Engineering II-T-ETIT-1110697 ................................................................... 463 10.108. nano- and quantum electronics- T-etit-111232 .................................................................................................. 464 10.109. Nonlinear regulatory systems-T-E-ETIT-100980 .............................................................................................................. 465 10.110. Nonlinear Optics-T-ETIT-101906 ............................................................................................................................... 466 10.111. Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112. 部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。 Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Sample recognition-T-Info-101362 ................................................................................................................................................................... 10.107.Message Technology II / Communications Engineering II-T-ETIT-1110697 ................................................................... 463 10.108. nano- and quantum electronics- T-etit-111232 .................................................................................................. 464 10.109. Nonlinear regulatory systems-T-E-ETIT-100980 .............................................................................................................. 465 10.110. Nonlinear Optics-T-ETIT-101906 ............................................................................................................................... 466 10.111. Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112. 部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。 Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Message Technology II / Communications Engineering II-T-ETIT-1110697 ................................................................... 463 10.108.nano- and quantum electronics- T-etit-111232 .................................................................................................. 464 10.109. Nonlinear regulatory systems-T-E-ETIT-100980 .............................................................................................................. 465 10.110. Nonlinear Optics-T-ETIT-101906 ............................................................................................................................... 466 10.111. Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112. 部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。 Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.nano- and quantum electronics- T-etit-111232 .................................................................................................. 464 10.109.Nonlinear regulatory systems-T-E-ETIT-100980 .............................................................................................................. 465 10.110.Nonlinear Optics-T-ETIT-101906 ............................................................................................................................... 466 10.111. Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112. 部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。 Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Nonlinear Optics-T-ETIT-101906 ............................................................................................................................... 466 10.111.Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112. 部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。 Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Numerical Methods - Exam - T -Math -11700 .............................................................................................................. 467 10.112.部分微分方程T-E-ETIT-104595 ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 468 10.113。Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Optical Design Lab-T-E-ETIT-100756 .................................................................................................................................... 469 10.114.Optical Engineering - T-ETIT-100676 ..........................................................................................................................................470 10.115.Optical Networks and Systems - T-ETIT-106506 ......................................................................................................................471 10.116.医学和生命科学中的光学系统-T-Etit-106462 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 472 10.117。Optical Transmitters and Receivers - T-ETIT-100639 .............................................................................................................473
安全与安保之间的关系
比感谢单页。最先读取但最后写入；个人的，甚至是亲密的，在旨在中立和科学的记忆中；两者都与所提出的工作没有正式联系，但与他们的进展却有着密切的联系。独特但重要，因为事实上，如果没有众多无价的支持者，本文将永远不会问世，这几行文字将试图向他们致敬。本论文工作是在 Télécom ParisTech 的 IT 和网络部门完成的，是我在 EDF 研发部门的工程研究员的一部分。首先，我要感谢我在 EDF 的历任层级经理，他们允许我踏上这次冒险之旅，并信任我来执行我的任务和这项研究。我特别想到了 Vincent Gayrard、Eric Lorentz 和 Françoise Waeckel，后来 David Bateman 和 Olivier Morvant 也加入了他们的行列。我还要感谢 I2D 小组的同事（包括安全团队，即Pascaux、Fr´ed´erics、Alia...) 感谢他们的支持，尤其是他们对我“波动”的可用性的耐心，特别是在写这篇记忆的过程中。我还要向“另一边”的某些同事（即security）感谢他们对开展这项工作的兴趣和支持。其中，我特别感谢吉尔·德勒兹（Gilles Deleuze）让我关注安全与保障之间的相互作用问题，以及马克·布伊苏（Marc Bouissou）向我介绍并在他们最理论的方面给予我支持。事实上，如果没有后者的人性和教学品质，他的技术掌握和可用性（有多少加班时间和 Skype 讨论？）这篇论文肯定会有另一个面貌......和另一个持续时间。把他列为我的评审团成员也是一种荣幸。此外，我还要感谢我在 T´el´ecom ParisTech 的管理层，即 Michel Riguidel，感谢他对我的信任，感谢 Claude Chaudet 的细心监督、建议、鼓励和建设性校对。这三年能够依靠克劳德，真是一个很好的机会。感谢我的姻亲在撰写这本回忆录的关键阶段所给予的慷慨和宝贵的后勤支持。` 请注意，他们还允许我会见 Infres 部门的许多其他成员，以及行政人员、教师研究员和博士生，我向他们致敬和感谢：他们知道如何让我留在他们的实验室，当然是间歇性的、愉快的和丰富的。最后，我想特别提及图书馆团队，他们经常因我的书目需求而提出请求，并且总是快速响应他们的请求。此外，我还要向我的评审团表示最诚挚的谢意，特别是向 Eric Totel 和 Nouredine Hadjsaid 作为报告员所做的认真分析。我还要感谢这部作品的审查员：如果我已经能够表达关于马克、克劳德和米歇尔·里吉德尔的意见，我还要对维罗尼克·德莱巴雷 (Véronique Delebarre) 表示热烈的感谢，感谢她为我提供的信息。研究，并衷心感谢恩里科·齐奥（Enrico Zio）让我有幸与一位学者一起担任评审团主席庄严、幽默和相关性的混合体。最后，如果没有我的朋友和家人提供的平衡和支持（以及在完全不同的层面上，Pepperidge Farm 饼干），这三年激动人心的时光可能不会有同样的味道。感谢 Guillaume 和 Marco 以各自的方式关注并分享了这项工作的进展；还要感谢 Benoˆıt 激发了我完成这篇论文的想法，并从那时起一直鼓励我。感谢我的叔叔吉恩对语言干预（以及他的非洲谚语）的赞赏。最后，感谢我的兄弟和我的父母对这个项目的坚定支持。我对Aurélie保留最后的、最深切的感谢，她在这篇论文期间“耐心地”陪伴了我，同时知道如何带我进入许多其他的冒险，能够很好地正确看待这些活动...... 分区>