qfuhdvh joreo pdunhw vkduh ri fxwlqj hgjhh skrwruhvlvwlvwvwv kdk kg knk,psuryh hpsor \ hh hh hqjdjdjhphqw dqg dqg dqg dqg dqg dqg dqg shr shrsoh shrsoh shrso rulhqhg pdqdjhgg pdqdjhgg pdqdjhg pdqdjhphqwjhphqwqw pdqdjhphqw pdqdjhphqw pdjhgp
67,) RFXV LV D El DqqXDo Sxeolfdwlrq Hvwdeolvkhg e \ wkh 1dwlrqdo, QVWLWXWH RI 6FLHQFH 7HFKQRORJ \ DQG, QQrydwlrq 1,67, Xqghu 0,67, wr xuwkhu dgydqfh lwv plvlrq dqg surylgh lpsruwdqw uhvhdufk ¿Qglqjv dqg Lqkkwv Wr Shrsoh Ri Doo Djhv 7kurxjk Wklv 67,) rfxv Sodwirup vlhqwlvwv dqg uhvhdufkhuv FDQ vkduh wkhlu vflhqwl¿ dqg plg vl]67,) RFXV LV D El DqqXDo Sxeolfdwlrq Hvwdeolvkhg e \ wkh 1dwlrqdo, QVWLWXWH RI 6FLHQFH 7HFKQRORJ \ DQG, QQrydwlrq 1,67, Xqghu 0,67, wr xuwkhu dgydqfh lwv plvlrq dqg surylgh lpsruwdqw uhvhdufk ¿Qglqjv dqg Lqkkwv Wr Shrsoh Ri Doo Djhv 7kurxjk Wklv 67,) rfxv Sodwirup vlhqwlvwv dqg uhvhdufkhuv FDQ vkduh wkhlu vflhqwl¿ dqg plg vl]
在'hhsduwphqw ri(duwk s 8Qlyhuvlw \ ri 1hydgd /dv 9hjdv 19和6fkrro ri 6flhqfhv%lunehfn 'lsduwlphqwr gl 6flhq] h%lrorjlfkh 8Qlyhuvlw \ ri&rudgr%rxoghu&2 j'hsduwphqw ri(duwk dqg dqg 3odqhwdu \ 6flyhuvlw \ ri&doliruqld%unnoh \&$ 5hdufk ζQVWHVWHVRI 6ZHGHQ 6ZHGKROP 6ZHGHQ L&HQWHU IRUζVRWRFKSHORE\ DQG *DQG *DQG *DQG *VWRPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDPDWHULDOV 5HVHDUF和([SORUDWLQ([[SORUDWLQ) 6flHQFH 1 $ 6 $ -RKQVRQ 6SDFHOW&HQWHU +RXVWRQ 7; $ vwurirj&rqvhmr 6xshulru gh 3ursxovlrq /derudwru \&doluqldζqvwlwxwhri *hrjlfdo dqg 3odqhwdu \ 6flhqfhv&doluruqldζQVWXWH7 7 3DVDGHQD&$
pp gg \\\\,我wkh vlwh lv orfdwhg lq dq lqfrusrudwhg pxqlflsdolw \ lq /dnh&rxqw \ pdnh fkhfnv fkhfnv sd \ deoh wr w wr \ deoh wr /dnh 6: wr /dnh&rxqw \ 7uhdvxuhu *&huwlilfdwlrq,fhuwli \ xqghu shqdow \ ri odz wkdw wklv wklv wklv wklv wklv grfxphqw dqg dqg dqg dqg w ri p \ nqrzohgjh dqg eholhi wuxh dffxudwh dqg frpsoh,dxwkrul] psoldqfh zlwk&lw \ ruglqdqfhv iru hurvlrq dqg vhglphqw frqwuro iru wkh gxudwlrq surmwhwh
,qhuwldo uhihuhqfh iudphv 6xewhqghg sodqh dqjoh(duwk dv ylhzhg jhrvwdwlrqdu \ dqg *36 hfwru(duwk dw shulkholrq 9huqdo htxlqr [suhfhvvlrq 6lghuhdo \ hdu dqg wurslfdo \ hdu 0hdq vrodu gd \ dqg gd \ dqg vlghuhdo wdo shulrg -xoldq gd \ $ ssduhqw urwdwlrq shulrg ri wkh 6xq 6skhulfdo dqg&duwhvldq v \ vwhpv ri frrruglqdwhv * 5RWDWLRQ PDWULFHV 7UDQVIRUPDWLRQ EHWZHHQ FHOHVWLDO DQG HFOLSWLF V \ V whpv ri frruglq6d fw wr wkh *dod [\ $ qjoh dqg glvwdqfh ehwzhhq wzr 9r \ djhu vsdfh fudiw'lvwdfh ewrwdfh ewrwhqh wzwhqh wzwhqh wzwhqh jr wkh jr wkh ehwzhhq,UDQ DQG WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV
摘要。 div>7kh lqwhjudwlrrq ri uhhhhhdeooh hqhuj \ vroxwlrqv lq hgxfdwlrrqdo vhwlqjjv fkdq fkdqhh wudgllrqdo whdfklqj phwkrgv dqg hqkdqfh ohduqlqjj rxwfrphv 7klv sdshu h [dplqhv wkh fuhdwlyh xvdjh xvdjh ri uhqzdeohoh hqhuj \ whfkqrorlhlhv dlphg dw fuhdwlqj vxvdlqdeoh hqylurqphqpphqwv wkdw wkdw du frqgxflyh wr ohduqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlqlql dqg dqg idflolwdwhdwh (QJOLVK ODQJXDJHH DFTXLVLRRQ LQ LQ FODVURRRRPV%\ ORRNLQJ LQWR FDVH VWXGLHV DQG DQG HPLFODO HPLFODO GDWD WKLV wklv vwxg vwxg vwxg \ vkrzv krz uhqhzdeoh hqhuj \ vrxufhv olnh vrodu hqhuj \ ru zlqg srzhu pd \ eh xwlol] lqwhudfwlyh odqjxdjh vriwzduh dqg dqg dv d uholdeoh srzhu vrxufh iru uxudo uxudo dqg GLVDGYDQWDJHGVFKRROV7KHVWXG\IRXQGVLJQLILFDQWLQFUHDVHVLQVWXGHQWHQJDJHPHQWODQJXDJHVNLOOVRYHUDOO vwxghqw shuirupdqfh vuhvlqj wkh uroh ri vxvdlqdeoh srzhu vxsso \ lq prghuq hgxfdwlrrq vhpv \ vhpv div div div div div>
7KH 0HVRWKHOLRPD 3URJUDP 'LUHFWRUV¶ UHSRUW SURYLGHV DQ RYHUYLHZ RI WKH FOLQLFDO FDUH DQG UHVHDUFK SHUIRUPHG E\ PHVRWKHOLRPD VSHFLDOLVWV DQGVLQHQHQHQH VLRQDOV DW 06. GXULQJ WKH –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
& RQWHPSRUDU\ VFLHQFH DQG HQJLQHHULQJ DUH EHFRPLQJ LQFUHDVLQJO\ LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\ 7UDGLWLRQDO ERXQGDULHV EHWZHHQ ILHOGV KDYH EOXUUHG DQG QHZ DUHDV VXFK DV QDQRWHFKQRORJ\ DQG DUWLILFLDOO\ VWUXFWXUHG PDWHULDOV DUH FRQVWDQWO\ HPHUJLQJ $SSOLHG 3K\ VLFV FRPELQHV XQGHUVWDQGLQJ WKH ODZV RI QDWXUH DW D IXQGDPHQWDO OHYHO ZLWK D IRFXV RQ WHFKQRORJLFDO DSSOLFDWLRQV 写 SURYLGH VROXWLRQV 写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韋爾胡QPHQW VHUYLFH
$evwudfw²6xSSO\ fkdlqv dqg pdqxidfwxulqj v \ vwhpv urexvwqhvv dqg uhvlolhqfh uhvlolhqfh uhvlolhqfh duh iru pdq \ \ xfwlrq SurfHvVhv 7zr grpdlqv duh fuxfldo wr dfklhyh vxfk sxusrvh sxusrvh wkh iruphu lv idvw dqg frpsuhkhqvlyh LRQ PDNLQJ 7KH ODWHU UHIHUV WR WKH LQWHUYHQWLRQ E \ rshudwruv deoh wr ehwwhu lghqwli \ sugrohxwhr \ sugrohxwhwhwhwhwh rshudwhwh rshudwlrqv dlphg dlphg dlphg dw il dw il s lw u ehwwwh u ehwq v v v v v v v v v v u suhvhqwv dq lqwhjudwhg dssurdfk hqfrpsdvvlqj d fskurdwgwg,$ vrdvhwg,dfk wr prqlwru dqg dqg ghwhfw ghwhfw fulwlfdo fulwxdwlrqv ixdwlrqv ixoxOO p vxssruwlqj rshudwruv lq wkh wilhodwlqlqlqlql lqlwh fwlrqdo frqwlqxrxv frqqhfwlrq $ fwlylwlhv lq lq lq wkh frqh frqh frqh frqh frqh frqh frq frq frq frq frq frq gxv dwphwqlwhwwwwwwwwwww qwlqj wkh sursrvhg dssurdfk dqg ghprqvwudwlqj lq dq dxwrpdwhg surgxfwlrq olq olq olq olq olq olqh wkh hiihfwlyhqhvv ri wkh dssurdfk h lqglfdwruv ghprqvwudwhv wkh vrxqgqhvv ri wkh sursrvhg vroxwlrq dqg lpsohphqwdwlrq phwkrgrorj问
0RXQWLQJ 3ODFH 5HTXLUHPHQWV DQG 0dqdjhphqw, QVWDODWLRRQ /RFDWLRRQ $ Pelhqw 7hPShudwxuh 3uhyhqwlyh 0hdvxuhv, QVWDODWLRRQ 'Luhfwlrrq DQG 6sdfh 0dlq & Lufxlw: Lulqj 0dlq Sduwv Ri Surgxfw 6FKHPDWLF GLDJUDP RI FRQQHFWLRRQ DQG GLVVVH The & LUFXLW 7HUPLQDOV $ Uudqjhphqw dqg: lulqj 0dlq & lufxlw: lulqj 2shudwlrq &rqwuro&lufxlw&rqqhfwlrq)xqfwlrq ri&rqwuro&r qwuro&lufxlw 7huplqdov:lulqj ri&rqwuro&r qwuro&rufxlw 7huplqdov: wwhqwlrqv div>0RXQWLQJ 3ODFH 5HTXLUHPHQWV DQG 0dqdjhphqw, QVWDODWLRRQ /RFDWLRRQ $ Pelhqw 7hPShudwxuh 3uhyhqwlyh 0hdvxuhv, QVWDODWLRRQ 'Luhfwlrrq DQG 6sdfh 0dlq & Lufxlw: Lulqj 0dlq Sduwv Ri Surgxfw 6FKHPDWLF GLDJUDP RI FRQQHFWLRRQ DQG GLVVVH The & LUFXLW 7HUPLQDOV $ Uudqjhphqw dqg: lulqj 0dlq & lufxlw: lulqj 2shudwlrq &rqwuro&lufxlw&rqqhfwlrq)xqfwlrq ri&rqwuro&r qwuro&lufxlw 7huplqdov:lulqj ri&rqwuro&r qwuro&rufxlw 7huplqdov: wwhqwlrqv div>