大规模的项目成本> 10亿美元涉及来自公共,PRI VATE,国际,地方和国家利益相关者的多个机构(Flyvbjerg,2014年)。在全球南部,这种项目倾向于吸引全球资本,并由国家政府领导,其愿景可以改善当地社区的社会经济状况(Aalders等,2021)。然而,肯尼亚的研究(Flyvbjerg等,2016)表明,此类项目不仅为当地社区(例如,新工作或培训设施的产生)提供了机会,而且还带来了诸如社会经济差异或对当地人群的混凝土益处的冲突增加(Mkutu等人202020202022202)的风险。本文重点介绍了在肯尼亚苏斯瓦的SGR(标准量规铁路)Megaproject在肯尼亚萨斯瓦的SGR(标准量规铁路)期间提供劳动机会的作用,如图1所示。
AfCFTA African Continental Free Trade Area AU African Union CBAM Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism CBI Centre for the Promotion of Imports DFI Development finance institution DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo DRI Direct-reduced iron EAC East African Community EASC European Association for Supervision and Coaching ECDPM European Centre for Development Policy Management EIB European Investment Bank ETS Emissions Trading System EU European Union FFI Fortescue Future Industries GDP Gross domestic product GHG Greenhouse gas ICD Inland Container Depot IEA International Energy Agency IRENA International Renewable Energy Agency KLTN Kenyan Logistics and Transport Network KRC Kenya Railways Corporation KTDA Kenya Tea Development Agency LMIC Low- and middle-income country MDB Multilateral development bank MGR Metre Gauge Railway MoU Memorandum of understanding MSME Micro, small and medium enterprise NCTTCA Northern走廊交通和运输协调局NDC全国确定的贡献NOx氮氧化R&D研发SCT单一海关领土Sczone Suez suez suez canal canal canal经济区SGR标准量规铁路中小企业中小型企业SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS SPS卫生和PhytoSanity Teu Teu Teu Teu Teu 24型委员联合国联合国气候变化框架公约