矮小

通过精确的序列插入或替换生成耐除草剂和矮小的水稻生殖

精确的序列插入或植物中的替代在技术上具有挑战性，但在农作物育种中至关重要，因为许多农艺性状都受DNA碎片变化的影响。尽管已连续优化了素数（PE）以改善练习剂（Jiang etal。，2022; li etal。，2022a，b; Zong et al。，2022），但对于靶向插入或更换长时间的靶向插入还是不明显的。Similar strategies, twinPE (Anzalone et al ., 2022 ) and GRAND editing (Wang et al ., 2022 ), in which a pairofPEguideRNAs(pegRNAs)arepartially complementarytoeach other in their reverse transcriptase template (RTT) but are not homologous to the genomic sequences, were recently developed to facilitate longer sequence insertion (Figure 1a ).HPPD抑制剂除草剂（例如B-三酮）有效地控制出现的抗性杂草。水稻中的HIS1基因赋予了对三酮除草剂的广谱耐药性，而在Triketone敏感的Indica品种中发现了功能失调的HIS1等位基因（Maeda等，2019）。A genetic survey for 631 Indica varieties commonly used in rice breeding revealed that the 28-bp deletion is widely distributed, including 50.7% 3-line restorers, 40.7% 2-line restorers and 18.1% conventional varieties (Lv et al ., 2021 ), which causes a huge risk for applying HPPD-inhibitor herbicides in Indica rice cultivating area.s1035是一种精英常规的Indica品种，由于HIS1的28 bp缺失，对Triketone敏感。PE和大编辑策略已被测试以插入28 bp