1 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States, 2 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Milano, Milan, Italy, 3 German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4 University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 5 Thales Alenia Space, Torino, Italy, 6 GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany, 7 Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 8 University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States, 9 Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany, 10 Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 11 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States, 12 University of Trento, Trento, Italy, 13 Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (INFN-TIFPA), Trento, Italy, 14 Universita ' di Roma “ Sapienza ” , Roma, Italy, 15 European Space Agency, Noordwijk, Netherlands, 16 RHEA System, Noordwijk,荷兰,17 TechnischeUniversitätWien,Atominstitut,维也纳,奥地利,奥地利18号Chalmers技术大学,哥德堡,瑞典,19莱多斯创新公司19,美国德克萨斯州休斯敦
涡流管,也称为Ranque Vortex Tube,Hilsch Vortex管和Ranque E Hilsch Vortex管,是一种设备,可以通过Intlet Ougzzles向涡流室分隔地进入涡流室,使其可将热和冷空气分开。涡流管是由冶金学家和物理学家Ranque于1933年发现的,而德国物理学家Rudolf Hilsch则改进了设计。一个兰斯式涡流管由一个或多个入口喷嘴,一个涡流室,冷端孔,热端控制阀和管组成。设计的涡流室的特殊内部配置结合了压力和加速空气的效果,达到了高旋转速率(超过百万rpm)(Pinar等,2009)。涡流管根据其流量特征分为两组:反流(图1)和平行流(图2)RHVT。在这项研究中,已经使用了反流RHVT。反流的工作原理Ranque E Hilsch