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益生菌在鱼类水产养殖中的重要性
1墨西哥医学教师，大学AUT或墨西哥墨西哥21000的Low California的名称； 2圣地亚哥大学圣地亚哥大学智利9160000的生物杂志学家中心的小细菌或小细菌实验室； （M.P.）; （R.A.V.）圣地亚哥大学，智利，圣地亚哥9160000；洛斯·拉各斯大学，奥斯奥诺，法国更多符号 - 艾尔福特；微生物学和环境与极端实验室，生物科学与生物多样性系，湖泊5290000，湖泊； 78350 JOSACH.CL（M.T.）;这些作者。这些作者做出了贡献。
香农信息：理论基础、概念表达和解释
摘要：尽管“信息”一词在人类历史上以不同的形式出现，但直到 20 世纪它才获得了当前的含义，与通信和技术联系在一起。从这个意义上讲，克劳德·香农被认为是当今信息科学的创始人。在本文中，我们不仅会关注香农理论的技术方面，还会关注该理论的一些表述，其中一些与关于信息概念解释的哲学辩论有关。目的是提供一个平衡的概述，包括信息概念的多种方面，信息概念已成为我们当代文化的一个里程碑。
肠道菌群及其可能的影响
简介：肠道菌群对人体健康非常重要，因为它除了有助于消化食物外，还具有免疫功能，可以防止有害病原体在肠道中滋生。微生物群由各种微生物组成，在人类出生后不久就形成。然而，它的失衡会对宿主产生影响，例如有利于病理发生的代谢紊乱。目的：描述肠道菌群失衡如何引发 2 型糖尿病。方法：这是一篇综合性文献综述，分析了比较肠道菌群与 2 型糖尿病发展之间可能存在的关系的科学研究。结果与讨论：研究发现，儿童时期不当使用抗生素，甚至营养不良都可能影响菌群失衡，这直接导致某些细菌门类发生变化并因此定植。结论：肠道菌群的组成可能根据个体的出生、生活方式等因素而呈现出微生物的种类。因此，微生物群失衡会有利于某些引起代谢紊乱的细菌种类，并进而导致 2 型糖尿病的出现。
上年女性肥胖肠菌群清单Daiani cristina savi savi，出生的Joycy Syly�，NicoleOeschsler敦
综合评论摘要肥胖代表了肥胖个体的一个严重问题和危险因素，用于触发非传染性慢性疾病（DCNT）和其他并发症的发展。几个因素与体重增加有关，包括生活方式，食物和预贴题。，但是，肠道菌群也与此过程密切相关。肠道菌群涉及肠道区域不同微生物的定殖。它的调节及其平衡确保了新陈代谢的稳态。与体重增加相关的失衡尤其与牢固的手机和细菌手机的关系有关，这与能量恢复和热量消耗的调节和稳态有关。更年期也代表了肥胖发展的重要因素。下降的雌激素水平有利于脂肪积累变化到腹部区域并影响瘦素耐药性，这有利于脂肪和超重积累。因此，这三个因素之间存在关联，因此微生物群的变化能够影响能量平衡的调节和雌激素的不信任。此外，使用前和益生菌的使用已被描述为有效地纠正营养不良，并最大程度地减少与肥胖相关的更年期中生活的症状和炎症过程。关键字：微生物群，肥胖，更年期。
肠道菌群和代谢综合征
目的：探索在存在代谢综合征参数的情况下肠道菌群中发现的变化，以及补充益生菌作为治疗方法的影响。方法论：由一项审查研究组成，该研究是由使用胃肠道微生物组描述符，代谢和益生菌综合征在Medline和Scielo数据库中搜索的科学文章进行的，该研究以葡萄牙语，英语和西班牙语出版。结果：发现代谢综合征追求肠道微生物组的营养不良，某些细菌哲学的比例增加，而其他类型的比例增加了。结果，体重增加，胰岛素抵抗，2型糖尿病，血脂异常和高血压有更大的刺激。补充益生菌与对体重减轻，空腹血糖，压力水平以及脂质剖面子弹度的有益变化有关。然而，关于菌群对代谢综合征发展的真正作用以及益生菌作为治疗剂的影响的研究结果存在分歧。结论：代谢综合征期间肠道菌群发生了改变，但是需要更多的研究来证明营养不良和代谢综合征参数的发生之间的因果关系，而更随机的实验则是精确的，以突出益生菌作为代谢综合征的治疗方法。
在炎症和氧化应激微卫星机构中的作用
微粒细胞炎不稳定是一种遗传现象，其特征在于重复的核苷酸序列被称为微卫星。这种不稳定可能是由于DNA修复基因（例如MLH1，MSH2，MSH6和PMS2基因）的缺陷而发生的。慢性炎症与结直肠癌的发展有关。微卫星不稳定性基因参与调节炎症反应，并可能影响肿瘤进展。研究表明，胶体肿瘤中微卫星不稳定性的存在与更大的免疫细胞浸润有关，例如T淋巴细胞，巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞，这可能会调节肿瘤微环境中的炎症反应。氧化应激的特征在于氧气活性物种的产生与生物体的抗氧化能力之间的不平衡，并在癌变中起重要作用。微卫星不稳定性基因可以影响对氧化应激的反应，从而影响肿瘤细胞处理氧化损伤并促进细胞存活的能力。这项工作的目的是了解大肠癌中微卫星不稳定性涉及的基因，以及它们如何对疾病的发展做出贡献，与炎症过程和肿瘤细胞中氧化应激有关。这是有必要理解大肠癌患者的微囊炎，炎症和氧化应激之间的相互联系的合理性。关键词：微炎症的不稳定性；结直肠癌；炎;氧化应激。
重新列出了dna de dna delinfócitost
Figura 1: Desenho esquemático dos componentes presentes nas redes extracelulares de DNA em neutrófilos ................................................................................................................................................17 Figura 2: Representação esquemática da via da Netose ........................................................................19 Figura 3: Desenho experimental .................................................................................................................28 Figura 4: Estratégia de análise para avaliar a frequência das populações de CD14+,CD19+, CD4+ e CD8+ após a Marcaçãocomanticorpos antisubpopulaçõescelulares eaquisiçãoporcitometriade fluxo。..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38图5：富集淋巴细胞的细胞组成的细胞仪分析。。...................................................................................................................................................39 Figura 6: Avaliação da porcentagem de morte celular por citometria de fluxo ................................... 40 Figure 7: Evaluation, in lymphocyte -enriched crops, by confocal microscopy, of the occurrence of extracellular DNA. 在 ................. 51 Figure 15: SME evaluation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes................................... 40 Figure 7: Evaluation, in lymphocyte -enriched crops, by confocal microscopy, of the occurrence of extracellular DNA.在................. 51 Figure 15: SME evaluation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes.................. 51 Figure 15: SME evaluation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Figure 11: Extracellular networks blushed by DAPI do not have actin. ............................... 47 Figure 12 Electronic microscopy assessment of scanning the presence of extracellular networks in lymphocyte -enriched crops. .......................................................................... 50 Figure 13 Electronic Microscopy Evaluation of Internal Morphology Transmission of Lymphocytes. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... 52 Figure 16: Evaluation of the percentage of cell death by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte flow cytometry. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54 在........................................... 46 Figure 11: Extracellular networks blushed by DAPI do not have actin................................ 47 Figure 12 Electronic microscopy assessment of scanning the presence of extracellular networks in lymphocyte -enriched crops. .......................................................................... 50 Figure 13 Electronic Microscopy Evaluation of Internal Morphology Transmission of Lymphocytes. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... 52 Figure 16: Evaluation of the percentage of cell death by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte flow cytometry. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54 在............................... 47 Figure 12 Electronic microscopy assessment of scanning the presence of extracellular networks in lymphocyte -enriched crops........................................................................... 50 Figure 13 Electronic Microscopy Evaluation of Internal Morphology Transmission of Lymphocytes. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... 52 Figure 16: Evaluation of the percentage of cell death by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte flow cytometry. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54 在.......................................................................... 50 Figure 13 Electronic Microscopy Evaluation of Internal Morphology Transmission of Lymphocytes................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 52 Figure 16: Evaluation of the percentage of cell death by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte flow cytometry. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54 在......................................................... 52 Figure 16: Evaluation of the percentage of cell death by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte flow cytometry............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 54 在.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 54在.............................................. 55 Figure 18 Evaluation by CD107 + cell frequency flow cytometry 56 Figure 19: Immunofluorescence of CD8 +, Lets and CD107. ........................ 58 Figure 21: Evaluation of cellular composition of patient injuries through histopathological analysis by hematoxylin/eosin coloration. ........................................................................59 Figura 22: Avaliação da composição celular de lesões de pacientes com LTA ..................................60 Figura 23 : Avaliação por microscopia confocal de ETs em lesões de pacientes da forma cutânea da LTA . ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................. 65.............................................. 55 Figure 18 Evaluation by CD107 + cell frequency flow cytometry 56 Figure 19: Immunofluorescence of CD8 +, Lets and CD107......................... 58 Figure 21: Evaluation of cellular composition of patient injuries through histopathological analysis by hematoxylin/eosin coloration. ........................................................................59 Figura 22: Avaliação da composição celular de lesões de pacientes com LTA ..................................60 Figura 23 : Avaliação por microscopia confocal de ETs em lesões de pacientes da forma cutânea da LTA . ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................................................. 65........................ 58 Figure 21: Evaluation of cellular composition of patient injuries through histopathological analysis by hematoxylin/eosin coloration.........................................................................59 Figura 22: Avaliação da composição celular de lesões de pacientes com LTA ..................................60 Figura 23 : Avaliação por microscopia confocal de ETs em lesões de pacientes da forma cutânea da LTA .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 65.............................................................................................. 65