JAPN 日语 ................................................................................652 JCOM 新闻与传播 ..............................................................................652 KOR 韩语 ..............................................................................................655 LAEP 景观建筑与环境规划 ..............................................................656 LANG 语言 ..............................................................................................657 LAS 文科 .............................................................................................658 LATN 拉丁语 .............................................................................................658 LATS 拉丁美洲研究 .............................................................................658 LING 语言学 .............................................................................................658 MAE 机械与航空航天工程 .............................................................659 MATH 数学 .............................................................................................663 MHR 管理与人力资源 .............................................................................665 MS 军事科学 .............................................................................................668 MUSC 音乐 .............................................................................................668 NAV 纳瓦霍语 .............................................................................................675 NEPA 国家环境政策法 .............................................................................676 NFS 营养与食品科学 .............................................................................676 NR 自然资源 .............................................................................................680 NURS 护理 .............................................................................................681 (与韦伯州立大学联合提供) OSS 办公系统支持 ................................................................682 PE 体育 ..............................................................................682 PEP 体育专业 ..............................................................684 PFP 个人理财规划 ................................................................687 PHIL 哲学 ................................................................................687 PHYS 物理学 ................................................................................689 PLSC 植物科学 .............................................................................691 POLS 政治科学 .............................................................................694 PORT 葡萄牙语 .............................................................................696 PRP 公园和娱乐专业 .............................................................697 PSB 植物、土壤和生物气象学 .............................................................698 PSY 心理学 .............................................................................698 PUBH 公共卫生 .............................................................................703 REH 康复咨询 .............................................................................704 RUSS 俄语 .............................................................................705 SCED 中学教育 ..................................................................705 SCI 科学 ..............................................................................709 SOC 社会学 ..............................................................................709 SOIL 土壤科学 ..............................................................................711 SPAN 西班牙语 ..............................................................................713 SPCH 言语交际 ..............................................................................714 SPED 特殊教育 ..............................................................................715 STAT 统计学 .............................................................................719 SW 社会工作 .............................................................................721 THEA 戏剧艺术 .............................................................................722 USU 大学研究 .............................................................................726 WATS 流域科学 .............................................................................726(从 AWER 更改为 WATS,2007 年春季生效) WGS 妇女与性别研究 .............................................................726 WILD 荒地资源 .............................................................................726(从 FRWS 更改为 WILD,2007 年春季生效)
今天,对水产养殖产量的需求不断增长,伴随着各种挑战,例如疾病,育雏症改善,驯化,合适的颗粒的发展和喂养方法,孵化场技术和水质管理。因此,据报道,益生菌的使用是抗生素,其他化学治疗剂以及其他替代成分的其他补充剂的理想替代品。益生菌的主要利益作用包括增强疾病和抗压力,免疫力,促进生长和繁殖,改善消化,提供多种营养以及水微生物组成的增强。为了确保安全性,所提供的益生菌必须是非侵入性和非致病性的。直接或与替代材料(例如植物蛋白质饮食,维生素,微藻,发酵产品等)结合使用益生菌,已被证明可以改善水生动物的健康和生长,并为行业的可持续性提供显着的利益。倡导一种系统的方法来进行创新的研究以发掘新的推定菌株,这对于确保可持续的益生菌使用量非常重要,因此可以帮助持续发展水产养殖行业,尤其是在中国。在中国发现的益生菌的一些例子主要是光合细菌(PSB),它们是能够光合作用,拮抗细菌的自养细菌(pseudoalteromonas sp。,pseudoalteromonas sp。,flavobacterium sp。,Alteromonas sp。,Alteromonas sp。,phaeobacter sp。),改善水质的细菌(硝化细菌,硝化细菌等。),在消化过程中贡献营养和酶的细菌(乳酸菌,酵母等。),bdellovibrio和其他益生菌。本综述还着重于益生菌在水产养殖中的潜在使用,尤其是在中国,以及益生菌的未来作用。
Abacus International Pte Ltd 会计总署 美国运通国际公司 Boncafé International Pte Ltd Cargo Community Network Pte Ltd 樟宜综合医院 新加坡民航局 Cycle & Carriage Group of Companies DSO National Laboratories Eastman Chemical Singapore Pte Ltd 飞跃家庭服务中心 FHI (Fitness and Health International Pte Ltd) 葛兰素史克 (Quality Road) 建屋发展局 移民与关卡管理局 怡和合发有限公司 JTC Corporation Just Education Holdings Pte Ltd 吉宝置业国际有限公司 哥打巴托妇女儿童医院 KPMG Leisurequest Pte Ltd MHE-Demag (S) Pte Ltd 外交部 南洋理工大学 国家环境局 国家健保集团总部 国家健保集团综合诊疗所 新加坡国家心脏中心私人有限公司 国家公园局 全国职工总会 义安理工学院 全国职工总会俱乐部 全国职工总会平价合作社 人民协会 PUB,国家水务机构 Prime 公共服务部部长办公室 新加坡莱佛士酒店 新加坡海军 三巴旺船厂私人有限公司 新航工程有限公司 新加坡海关 新加坡地产有限公司 新加坡国家眼科中心 新加坡警察部队 新加坡理工学院 新加坡电力集团 新加坡科技航空有限公司 新加坡科技海事有限公司 新加坡电信有限公司 新加坡标准、生产力与创新局 新科航空发动机私人有限公司 新科航空系统私人有限公司 TÜV SÜD PSB 私人有限公司 UMW 设备与工程私人有限公司 联合工业有限公司
A2D2A 模拟到数字再到模拟过程 AMPAS 英国电影艺术与科学学院 APC 平均制作成本 BAME 黑人、亚裔和少数族裔 BAFTA 英国电影电视艺术学院 BBFC 英国电影分级委员会 BECTU 英国广播、娱乐、电影和戏剧联盟 BFI 英国电影协会 BFIRSU UKFC/BFI 研究和统计单位 DCMS 英国政府文化、媒体和体育部(英国) EAO 欧洲视听观察站 EIFF 爱丁堡国际电影节 EIS 企业投资计划 FDA 电影发行协会(英国) FFE 欧洲电影档案 FTR 电影税收减免 GLA 大伦敦区 ICO 独立电影办公室(英国) HD 或 HDV 高清视频 HMRC 英国女王陛下税务海关总署(英国) IFFR 鹿特丹国际电影节 IMDb 互联网电影数据库网站 IPRs 知识产权 LGBT 女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别者/变性人 MPAA 美国电影协会(美国) MPC 最低制作成本 N/RSA 国家和地区影视机构(英国) NA 北方联盟(英国) NFTS 英国国家电影电视学校(英国) NPA 新制片人联盟(英国) PACT 英国电影电视制片人联盟(英国) PESTEL 政治、经济、社会、技术、环境和法律 PIBHC 住房成本前的个人收入 PSB 公共服务广播公司(英国) SAG 美国演员工会(美国) SEIS 种子企业投资计划 SWOT 优势、劣势、机会和威胁 TIFF 多伦多国际电影节 UKFC/BFI 英国电影委员会/英国电影协会(英国) VAT 增值税 VIFF 威尼斯国际电影节 VOD 视频点播 WGA 美国编剧协会(美国)
JAPN 日语 ................................................................................652 JCOM 新闻与传播 ..............................................................................652 KOR 韩语 ..............................................................................................655 LAEP 景观建筑与环境规划 ........................................................656 LANG 语言 ..............................................................................................657 LAS 文科 .............................................................................................658 LATN 拉丁语 .............................................................................................658 LATS 拉丁美洲研究 .............................................................................658 LING 语言学 .............................................................................................658 MAE 机械与航空航天工程 .............................................................659 MATH 数学 .............................................................................................663 MHR 管理与人力资源 .............................................................................665 MS 军事科学 .............................................................................................668 MUSC 音乐 .............................................................................................668 NAV 纳瓦霍语 .............................................................................................675 NEPA 国家环境政策法 .............................................................................676 NFS 营养与食品科学 .............................................................................676 NR 自然资源 .............................................................................................
注:BSC:基础科学课程,IPCC:综合专业核心课程,PCC:专业核心课程,INT –实习,HSMC:人文社会科学与管理课程,AEC –能力提升课程。UHV:普世人类价值课程。L – 讲座,T – 辅导,P- 实践/绘图,S – 自学部分,CIE:持续内部评估,SEE:期末考试。TD- 教学部门,PSB:论文设置部门 21KSK37/47 Samskrutika Kannada 适合会说、读和写卡纳达语的学生,21KBK37/47 Balake Kannada 适合不会说、读和写卡纳达语的学生。综合专业核心课程 (IPCC):指专业理论核心课程与同一课程的实践相结合。IPCC 的学分可以是 04,其教学时间(L:T:P)可以视为(3:0:2)或(2:2:2)。IPCC 的理论部分应由 CIE 和 SEE 评估。实践部分应仅由 CIE 评估(无 SEE)。但是,IPCC 实践部分的问题应包含在 SEE 试卷中。有关更多详细信息,请参阅管理工程/技术学士学位(BE/B.Tech.)的规定2021-22。21INT49 机构间/机构内实习:所有被横向入学类别的工程专业录取的学生必须在 III 和 IV 学期的中间期间参加为期 03 周的强制性 21INT49 机构间/机构内实习。实习只针对 CIE,不会有 SEE。通过 CIE 获得的字母等级应包含在 IV 学期成绩单中。实习应被视为通过,并应考虑垂直晋升和授予学位。未参加/完成实习的学生将被宣布为不及格,并必须在满足实习要求后完成。教师协调员或导师应监控学生的实习进度并与他们互动以确保成功完成实习。
根据《总则》第 11.4 节的要求,并结合第 9.3 节,提名委员会已为 WCA 董事会制定了一份候选人名单(每个选举职位一名),并现通知,该名单(连同各部门、曼尼托巴省青年建筑领袖 (YCLM) 和曼尼托巴省建筑女性 (MWC) 选出的主席)将在 2025 年年度股东大会上提交审议和选举。2025 年董事和高管拟议名单:执行主席 Roger Tuk,Rivers 3 Construction Ltd. 总承包商副主席 Peter Bernatsky,PSB Integration Inc. 制造商供应商财务主管 Teri Urban,Parkwest Projects Ltd. 总承包商前任主席 Ellowyn Nadeau,Red River College Polytechnic 副总裁 Ronald Hambley,WCA 部门主席(由各部门选出)电气 Steve Shack,Nor-Tec Group 电气承包商制造商 Stacey Gagne,Signex Manufacturing Inc. 制造商供应商机械 (MCAM) Julien Lafleche,ServcoCanada 机械承包商贸易承包商 Chris Precourt,Econo Wall & Ceilings Ltd. 贸易承包商总承包商 Soo Lee,Bockstael Construction Limited 总承包商董事 (9 名成员) Jennifer Lowe Lowe Mechanical Services 机械承包商 Shane Storie SRS Signs & Service, Inc. 制造商供应商 Dom Costantini BLDR Consulting Corporation 准会员 Craig Hildebrandt Westland Construction Ltd. 总承包商 Daniel Hartley Powertec Electric Inc. 电气承包商 Chris McRae PCL Constructors Canada Inc. 总承包商 Travis Paul Bird Construction Group 总承包商 Tara Kroeker Allco Electrical Ltd. 电气承包商 Zeb Hudon Penn-Co Construction Canada (2003) Ltd. 总承包商常设委员会: Rich Marchetti (Transcona Roofing) - CSAM Advisory Ben Robinson (MD Steele Construction Ltd.) - 马尼托巴省青年建筑领袖代表 Xuan (Sun) Nguyen(Akman Construction)——马尼托巴省建筑业女性代表 John Schubert——WCA 前任主席委员会代表 WCA 提名委员会谨感谢所有申请的候选人。
131 17.6.5 安装 Espagnolette 锁 (LDE)(Espagnolette 锁目前不允许安装在逃生路线中) ............................................................................................................................................. 131 17.7 盖子 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 132 17.8 运动传感器和存在传感器 ......................................................................................................................................................... 132 17.9 手动开锁装置,MOLD ......................................................................................................................................................... 133 17.10 限位开关套件,LSK ............................................................................................................................................................. 135 17.11 锁门指示器,LDI ............................................................................................................................................................. 137 17.12 快速连接器 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 137 17.12.1 2x10 至 1x10 转换器 ............................................................................................................................................. 137 17.12.2 8 至 10 转换器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 138 17.13 盖闩,备选 ................................................................................................................................................................ 138 17.14 带重复关闭的火灾关闭 ...................................................................................................................................................... 138 17.15 断路器 PSB ...................................................................................................................................................................... 138 17.16 便捷电池 UPS ............................................................................................................................................................. 138 17.17 外部错误指示 ............................................................................................................................................................. 138 17.18 钥匙开关(嵌入式和/或表面安装) ............................................................................................................................. 138 17.19 按钮 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 139 17.20 PASS .................................................................................................................................................................................... 139 17.20.1 工作原理 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 139 17.20.2 安装 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 140 17.20.3 传感器 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 140 17.20.4 优化性能 ............................................................................................................................................................. 140 17.21 升级 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 141 17.22 逃生路线规则 ............................................................................................................................................................. 141 17.23 电气应急装置 (EEU) ............................................................................................................................................................. 141 17.24 机械应急装置 (MEU) ............................................................................................................................................................. 143 17.25 使用 EEU 和 MEU 进行紧急监控 ...................................................................................................................................... 144 17.26 符合欧洲标准 EN 16005 的逃生路线 ...................................................................................................................... 145 17.27 符合 DIN 18650 的逃生路线 ...................................................................................................................................... 146 17.28 符合条款 CO48 的逃生路线 ...................................................................................................................................... 146 17.29 非逃生路线中符合 EN 16005、DIN 18650 和条款 CO48 的个人安全 ............................................................................................................. 147 17.30 需要 IOU 的额外功能 ............................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.1 打开/关闭功能 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.2 火灾报警连接 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.3 护士功能 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 固定 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.4 连接 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ...................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ...................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ...................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ......................................................................................................................................................147 17.30.2 火灾报警连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.3 护士功能 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ............................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ............................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 固定 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 .............................................................................................................................................................147 17.30.2 火灾报警连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.3 护士功能 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ............................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ............................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 固定 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.3 护士功能 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复........................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.4 连接 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ...................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ...................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.3 护士功能 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复........................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.4 连接 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ...................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ...................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接........................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ......................................................................................................... 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.4 远程退出模式 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.5 紧急开启脉冲 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ............................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接........................................................................................................................................................... 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ......................................................................................................... 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ........................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ................................................................................................................................................ 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ................................................................................................................................................ 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 147 17.30.6 消防员开启 ...................................................................................................................................................... 147 17.30.7 状态继电器 ...................................................................................................................................................... 151 17.31 IoT 网关 2.0 ............................................................................................................................................................. 151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT 网关 2.0 与 Insight 配对和配置 ............................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 修复 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT 网关 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ........................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ................................................................................................................................................ 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ................................................................................................................................................ 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ......................................................................................................................................................151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT Gateway 2.0 与 Insight 配对并配置 ............................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 固定 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT Gateway 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器................................................................................................................................................151 17.31.1 跳线设置 ............................................................................................................................................................. 153 17.31.2 将 IoT Gateway 2.0 与 Insight 配对并配置 ............................................................................................. 155 17.31.3 固定 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.4 连接 ............................................................................................................................................................. 156 17.31.5 ASSA ABLOY IoT Gateway 2.0 LED 指示表 ............................................................................................. 157 17.32 ecoLOGIC ............................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.1 安装要求 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.2 配置,SL500 ............................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器........................................................................................................................................................................................... 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 157 17.32.3 配置,传感器 ......................................................................................................................................................
磷(P)是植物生长的关键营养素,但其摄取通常受到土壤因子和金属氧化物(例如铝(Al),铁),铁(Fe)和钙(CA)等土壤因子的阻碍,它们结合P并限制其可用性。磷酸盐溶解细菌(PSB)具有将不溶性P转换为可溶性形式的独特能力,从而促进了植物的生长。这项研究旨在评估巨型B芽孢杆菌B119(根际)和枯草芽孢杆菌B2084(内生芽孢杆菌)通过种子处理增强玉米产量,谷物P含量和酶活性的疗效。此外,我们研究了促进植物生长促进,与商业接种剂的兼容性以及这些菌株的玉米根粘附谱的各种机制。在巴西的两个实验区域,Sete Lagoas-MG和SantoantônioDeGoiás-Go中,在三个季节中实施了单次接种B119或B2084,而两种菌株的共同接种。除了控制外,所有治疗方法都根据情节建议接受P肥料。两种芽孢杆菌菌株均表现出与P动态相关的植物生长促进特性,包括磷酸盐溶解和矿化,产生吲哚 - 3-乙酸(IAA)类似分子,辅助分子,辅助物,外多糖(epos)(eps),eps),生物纤维和磷酸盐酶,以及无抗体和磷脂的含量。菌株B2084与B119相比显示出优质的玉米根粘附。在现场试验中,单次接种B119或B2084导致玉米谷物产量增加,Sete Lagoas的相对平均生产率分别为22%和16%,SantoAntônioDegoiás分别为6%和3%。与非接种对照相比,Sete Lagoas的共同接种更有效,Sete Lagoas的平均产量增加了24%,而SantoantônioDegoiás的平均产量增加了11%。在所有季节中,累积的谷物P含量与产量相关,而在圣托尼奥尼奥·德·戈伊斯(SantoAntôniodegoiás)共同接种后,根际的土壤P含量增加。这些发现补充了先前的研究工作,并导致了对玉米芽孢杆菌菌株配制的第一个巴西接种剂的验证和注册,从而有效地增强了P粒含量。
保护农业(CA)稻麦系统通过提高生产效率和更好的环境质量提高了整体生产率和盈利能力。在CA下,保留残留物至关重要,但是在多大程度上?- 仍然没有得到答复。有机会在西孟加拉邦的亚马拉亚平原上保留了稻米残留物,以更精确的方式管理营养。将它们保持在背景下,在2021-2022和2022-2023的阴茎季节进行了实地实验,在保护农业街区,北阿兰卡·克里希(Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya),西孟加拉邦,北方·邦加·克里希(Uttar banga Krishi viswavidyalaya),以评估稻米居民重新保留和营养管理方案的影响,以评估各种成长和产量的份额。实验被布置在分裂图设计中,具有各种水稻残留高度的四个主要情节处理(稻草在收获后保持在各种高度,即在地面上,即在地面上,即0 cm,r 1-15 cm,r 1-15 cm,r 2-30 cm和r 3-45 cm和r 3-45 cm)和五个营养的管理选项,作为n 2- n 2- n 2-- n 2 - 2--2-2-2 3-营养专家®(NE),N 4 -RDF + BIO和N 5 -NE + BIO),每个复制三次。实验中使用的小麦品种为DBW 187。结果表明,水稻残留物保留对总体生长参数,屈服属性和小麦作物产量没有任何显着影响。然而,在将稻草保持在30 cm高度的治疗r 2下,获得了较高的谷物产量(4.48和4.16 T HA -1)。营养管理方案对所有生长参数,产量属性和小麦产量都有重大影响。结果强调,在Ne®指导下以平衡的方式管理养分,并用生物肥料接种(n 5)显着改善了Spike No。M -2(277和268),填充谷物尖峰-1(43.40和46.73),尖峰长度(11.13和11.70 cm),1000粒重量(40.70和40.70和40.67 g)相比,谷物的收益率更高(5.27和4.64 T HA -1)与其他处理相比。在没有保留上述地面残基(r 0)且没有任何施肥剂(n 1)的处理下获得了较低的生长值,产量属性。可以得出结论,在30 cm高度(R 2)和NE®指导的营养管理下,残留物以及氮杂杆菌和PSB的种子接种可能会提高该区域下的零耕作小麦的生产率。