List of Figures Figure 1 Schematic diagram describing the design of a Lithium-Ion Battery [3] .................................... 5 Figure 2 Equivalent circuit for an electrochemical cell ........................................................................... 6 Figure 3 Typical Voltage behavior of the Li-Ion Battery.不同C率的不同曲线[6] ......... 7图4锂离子电池的电压作为不同C率的能量的函数[6]。............................ 9 Figure 5 Operation of a typical Li-ion battery [11] ................................................................................ 13 Figure 6 Typical cycle life of a Li-ion battery cell [11] ........................................................................... 13 Figure 7 Variability in demand and in net load in a challenging week on an area in USA.[31] ..................................................... 27 Figure 19 Maps of Chilean Photovoltaic Power Potential with the location of Campos del Sol [30] ... 27 Figure 20 Irradiation for different longitudes in a) Iquique and b) Copiapó's latitude.[35] ................ 28 Figure 21 Location of the project Campos del Sol PV Power Plant.来自Google Maps的照片。在每个跟踪器中都有28个模块。.................................................... 35 Figure 28 Shading analysis of the PV modules and the trackers ........................................................... 35 Figure 29 Campos del Sol considered losses.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................例如四个不同的日子产生的PV功率，例如。 来自CEN网站。............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................例如四个不同的日子产生的PV功率，例如。来自CEN网站。来自CEN网站。................... 15 Figure 8 Power output of a PV plant in Southern California for a partly cloudy day ............................ 15 Figure 9 Balancing Technologies ........................................................................................................... 17 Figure 10 Basic concept of primary frequency regulation through ESS [23] ........................................ 19 Figure 11 : Frequency Control Methods and Relevant Time Scales in US [24] ...................................................................................................................图12频率控制时间尺度（激活时间是德国的示例）[24] ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ 23 Figure 16 Forecast of monthly power generation for Ollagüe's microgrid [27] ................................... 24 Figure 17 Maps of Chilean Global Horizo​​ntal Irradiation with the location of Campos del Sol [30] .... 26 Figure 18 Typical geography of the northern regions of Chile...................................................... 42 Figure 35 Energy profile produced by the PV in 25 years, with linear reduction of the power............................................................... 57 Figure 40 Variation of the relative initial cost of the BESS according to the size considered................................................... 60 Figure 44 Carrera Pinto 2020 Energy Price............ 30 Figure 22 Panoramic view of the area where the PV Plant will be situated (Google Maps) ................ 31 Figure 23 Carrera Pinto Interconnection Substation ............................................................................ 31 Figure 24 Irradiance of the area of​​ Campos del Sol PV Plant ................................................................ 32 Figure 25 Module data .......................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 26 Inverter Data ......................................................................................................................... 34 Figure 27 Tracker structure......................................................................................... 36 Figure 30 Campos del Sol computed annual PV Power ........................................................................ 37 Figure 31 Campos del Sol generated Power for the first week of the year, computed with SAM ....... 38 Figure 32 Block Diagram of the Considered System ............................................................................. 40 Figure 33 Simplified Electric考虑系统的互连方案。................................ 43图36模型的温度评估模型................................................................................................................................. 57 Figure 41 Carrera Pinto Substation Energy Prices for different days of year 2020............................... 58 Figure 42 Considered Price Scenario ..................................................................................................... 59 Figure 43 Prices Profile Scenarios for the first three days of January........................................................... 65 Figure 45 NPV and Cash Flow for the BESS 50 MW 50 MWh................................................................ 66