1.舵杆、舵销、联结螺栓、舵键及舵铸件应采用符合本规范第2篇第1章要求的轧制钢、钢锻件或碳钢铸件制造。舵杆、舵销、联结螺栓和舵键的规定最小屈服应力应不小于200(N/mm 2 )。本章要求以材料的规定最小屈服应力235(N/mm 2 )为基础。如所用材料的规定最小屈服应力不同于235(N/mm 2 ),则材料系数应按表4.1.1确定。
第 1 节。一般 ··················································································································· 3 第 2 节。轧制钢材 ·· ... 3.钢管 ··································································································· 14 第 4 节。铸件和钢锻件 ·· ... ···················································································· 18 第 6 节。铝合金 ·· ... ·· ... ·· ... ·· ... ·· ...
项目概述和目标:由弗吉尼亚理工大学牵头、美国铸造协会 (AFS) 赞助的 AMC 研究项目正在使用 3D 打印砂型铸造技术生产复杂的金属陶瓷复合铸件。与传统的绿砂或粘结砂型铸造相比,这为设计师提供了更大的自由度。该项目以 3D 打印砂型铸造的先前研究和包含陶瓷或硬质金属嵌件的复杂能量吸收铸件的设计为基础,以扩大规模并在各种材料和应用中实施该技术。
5056; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3963-8282抽象丢失的泡沫铸造(LFC)是一种经济的方法,可以通过在倒入过程中蒸发膨胀聚苯乙烯(EPS)模式来产生高产金属铸件。该方法可用于施放复杂的模式,例如歧管,具有内部空腔的发动机块和其他复杂的几何形状。必须加工EPS泡沫模式,专门的模具和工具,这使得此过程仅用于大量生产。本研究提出了混合失落的泡沫铸造(HLFC)过程,该过程利用3D打印技术使用融合细丝制造(FFF)来制造轻质的泡沫图案。使用低密度填充填充物的泡沫聚乳酸(PLA)原料打印3D薄壁图案,达到了0.044 g/cm 3的大量图案密度,是传统EPS泡沫的两倍。铝合金A356.2是使用泡沫PLA和相同几何形状的EPS模式铸造的,但在传统LFC的铸造参数的不同组合下。拉伸和显微镜样品是从板上加工的,以进行机械性能和微观结构的比较分析。的屈服强度基本上是相等的,对于平均为96.7 MPa的EPS的样品和基于PLA的铸件的95.7 MPa。此外,对复杂的阀体图案进行了3D打印,激光扫描并施放以进行尺寸分析。观察到超过90%的阀体表面落在±0.2 mm的公差区域内。关键字失去了泡沫铸件,混合失去的泡沫铸件,聚乳酸,扩展的聚苯乙烯,融合细丝制造。制造过程杂志https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2024.07.080
第 1 节。一般····················································································································· 3 第 2-1 节。轧制钢材··········································································································· 7 第 2-2 节。轧制钢材半成品··············································································· 15 第 2-3 节。用于高热输入焊接的轧制钢材 ····························· 17 第 3 节。钢管 ································································································ 19 第 4 节。铸件和钢锻件 ·· ...第 5 节。特殊要求的曲轴 ······························································· 23 第 6 节。铝合金 ··································································································································· 26 第 7-1 节。铜合金铸件······························································································· 29 第 7-2 节。铜和铜合金管 ············································································· 30 第 8 节。特殊铸铁阀门 ···················································································································· 34 第 9 节。锚·· ...船用链条附件···································································································· 39 第 10-3 节。海上链条和链条附件································································ 41 第 11 节。钢丝绳· ... ·· ... ···························································································· 55
本文介绍了对含有大约3%Si类型,体积分数和形态的大约3%Si的非金属夹杂物的分析。夹杂物分为3个主要组:氧化物,硫化物,硝酸盐,它们共同形成复合物。这项工作基于两个部分(纵向和横向滚动方向)的众多金相观察。该研究是对化学成分不同的三个铸件进行的。分析的铸件的特征是不同的非金属包裹物,这可能与化学组成的微小差异有关。分析的结果表明,最常见的夹杂物是氧化物和硝酸盐。硫化物偶尔发生。关键字:非金属包含;氧化物;硫化物;硝酸盐;高硅钢
砂型铸造是制造金属部件的传统铸造方法之一。砂型铸造部件的生产方法是用砂混合物形成模具,然后将熔融的液态金属倒入模具的型腔中。首先将形状与所需铸件非常相似的模型放在沙子中以制作印记。加入浇注系统,并将熔融金属填充到所得型腔中。熔体冷却凝固后,即可通过破坏砂型获得铸件。由于砂型铸造的造型材料是沙子,因此表面粗糙且尺寸精度低是预期结果,因此通常需要进行后期加工。砂型铸造的典型应用是机床底座、发动机缸体和气缸盖。
图1 F -MS框架的概述。a)f -ms的概念。对于给定的k -mer,使用删除函数f评估相应的掩码位λ(s,m,q)。b)低级操作。a f→f'重铸件在函数f下在函数f'下的另一个掩码下更改掩码,同时保留表示的k -mer集。Concat合并两个超弦和口罩。这两个操作都可以在原始F -MS或其相关索引上进行概念上执行。c)设置操作。操作OP由一系列contecat和Recast应用于输入F -MS,具有特定于操作的输入和输出功能(请参见Tab。1)。重铸件可以通过使用相同的目标函数压实来代替其数据结构的F -MS运行。
(铝制产品,铝制铸件和木板以及铜卷产品)对HDD材料的需求预计将保持在先前的预测水平,以及数据中心行业的需求恢复趋势。对半导体材料的需求预计由于需求恢复的缓慢而对先前的预测有所减少。