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Investor Presentation - MDA Space - INVESTOR RELATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements This presentation contains “forward-looking information” within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws. Such forward-looking information includes, but is not limited to, information with respect to MDA Ltd.'s (“MDA Space”, “MDA” or the “Company“) objectives and strategies to achieve these objectives, as well as information with respect to the Company's beliefs, plans, expectations, anticipations, estimates, intentions and views of future events. The Company has based the forward-looking information on its current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that it believes might affect its financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. Statements containing forward-looking information are based on certain assumptions and analyses made by the Company in light of management's experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments and other factors it believes are appropriate, and are subject to risks and uncertainties. These assumptions include our ability to maintain and expand the scope of our business; our ability to execute on our growth strategies; assumptions relating to government support and funding levels for space programs and missions; continued and accelerated growth in the global space economy; the impact of competition; our ability to retain key personnel; our ability to obtain and maintain existing financing on acceptable terms; changes and trends in our industry or the global economy; currency exchange and interest rates; and changes in laws, rules, regulations. Although the Company believes that the assumptions underlying these statements are reasonable, they may prove to be incorrect and there can be no assurance that actual results will be consistent with the forward-looking information. Given these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking information. Whether actual results, performance or achievements will conform to the Company's expectations and predictions is subject to a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors, including those described in the Company's latest Annual Information Form (AIF) and listed under the heading “Risk Factors”, which factors should not be considered exhaustive. If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if assumptions underlying the forward-looking information prove incorrect, actual results might vary materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking information. Although the Company bases the forward-looking information on assumptions that it believes are reasonable when made, the Company cautions investors that statements containing forward-looking information are not guarantees of future performance and that its actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity and the development of the industry in which it operates may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking information contained in this presentation. Given these risks and uncertainties, investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking information. Any forward-looking information that is made in this presentation speaks only as of the date of such statement, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking information or to publicly announce the results of any revisions to any of those statements to reflect future events or developments, except as required by applicable securities laws.
不是出色的均衡器？当地的经济流动性和对美国大学建立的不平等影响
1几项研究提供了理论论点，为什么更大的不平等会导致代际移动性下降（Solon，2004； Durlauf和Seshadri，2017； Becker，Kominers，Murphy和Spenkuch，2018）。不平等与代际流动性之间的负面关系在各个国家（Andrews and Leigh，2009年）以及美国境内的整个区域（Chetty，Hendren，Kline和Saez，2014; Bradbury and Triest and Triest，2016）。它也随着时间的推移（Chetty，Grusky，Hell，Hendren，Manduca和Narang，2017年）； intergenerational occupational mobility fell in the U.S. (Long and Ferrie, 2013; Song, Massey, Rolf, Ferrie, Rothbaum, and Xie, 2020) at the same time that U.S. inequality rose (Piketty and Saez, 2003), although some studies nd that income mobility in the U.S. has remained roughly constant over the last several decades while inequality continued to increase (Chetty, Hendren, Kline, Saez,和特纳，2014年； Lee and Solon，2009年）。2曼恩将继续阐述教育减少不平等的几种方式：通过为受过教育的人提供对穷人的慈善事业，通过提供所有接受教育的人来提供自己的手段，并通过改变经济和文化来为所有人提供更多机会（Mann，1848年）。值得注意的是，曼恩（Mann）认识到，扩大教育不仅仅是接受教育的人。
前脑到中脑途径的电路和突触组织，促进和抑制发声
引言发声的决定通常是生死攸关的问题，因为发声是同种特定之间的性和社会信号传导的重要媒介，但也可能无意中会宣传呼叫者的位置到窃听掠食者的位置。因此，许多因素影响了发声的决定，包括外部感觉和社会提示的存在，以及动物自身的内部状态和过去的经验。过去五十年来的工作已经确立了中脑围栏灰色（PAG），作为所有哺乳动物发声的必要大门（Fenzl和Schuller，2002; Jurgens，1994; Juhrgens; Juhrgens，2002; Jurgens，2009; Jurgens，2009; subramanian; subramanian; subramanian ef suida; suida; suiDA; egi; Al。，2019年），人们认为，前脑输入了PAG以上下文依赖的方式产生发声的产生。符合这个想法，包括皮质，杏仁核和下丘脑在内的前脑区域已与调节声音作为社会背景的函数有关（Bennett等，2019; Dujardin and Juyrgens，2006; Gao等，2019; Green等，2018； Gemba，1998年； Ma和Kanwal，2014年；Notably, although electrical or pharmacological activation of various forebrain regions can elicit vocalizations ( Ju¨rgens, 2009 ; Ju¨rgens and Ploog, 1970 ; Ju¨rgens and Richter, 1986 ), these effects depend on an intact PAG ( Ju¨rgens and Pratt, 1979 ; Lu and Ju¨rgens, 1993 ; Siebert and Ju¨rgens, 2003 ), suggesting that the PAG充当下降前脑控制发声的基本枢纽。尽管PAG的中心是
优化α-突触核蛋白聚集中二级成核的小分子抑制剂
帕金森氏病是最普遍的神经退行性运动障碍（Poewe等，2017； Dorsey等，2018； Balestrino和Schapira，2020； Aarsland等，2021）。Although its pathogenesis involves a wide range of pathways and mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, calcium dyshomeostasis, impairment of axonal transport and neuroin fl ammation, a major histopathological hallmark of the disease is the presence of α -synuclein aggregates known as Lewy bodies ( Spillantini et al., 1997 ; Spillantini等，1998）。这些聚集体通过复杂的动力学过程形成，该过程涉及相互交织的微观步骤（Knowles等，2009； Buell等，2014）。在通常由脂质膜催化的过程中，最初是从单体前体从单体前体到原代成核形成的小寡聚组件（Galvagnion等，2015; Flagmeier等，2016; Galvagnion et al。，2016）。最初被无序的低聚物可以转化为有序形式（Cremades等，2012），它们可以通过单体依赖性伸长来长成长纤维（Knowles等，2009; Buell等，2014; Galvagnion; Galvagnion et al。这些纤维的存在可以催化新的寡聚组件的形成，在负责α-突核蛋白沉积物快速增殖的自催化过程中（Knowles等，2009; Buell等，2014; Galvagnion; Galvagnion et al。此过程被称为二级成核，因为它取决于已经形成的淀粉样蛋白纤维的存在，并且通常比原代成核更快。由于α-突触核蛋白的聚集是细胞毒性的，特别是通过寡聚中间体的形成（Winner等，2011; Fusco et al。，2017; Cascella等，2021），
蛋白质组学研究噬菌体与细菌宿主Klebsiella肺炎之间的相互作用
抽象的噬菌体和细菌已经获得了保护机制。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是分析从肺炎克雷伯氏菌的21个新型裂解噬菌体中分离出的蛋白质，以寻求针对细菌的防御机制，并确定噬菌体的感染能力。还进行了一项蛋白质组学研究，以研究受噬菌体感染的两种肺炎的临床分离株的防御机制。为此，对21个裂解噬菌体进行了测序并从头组装。宿主范围是在47个肺炎的47个临床同核中确定的，揭示了噬菌体的感染能力可变。基因组测序表明，所有噬菌体都是属于Caudovirale s的裂解噬菌体。噬菌体序列分析表明，蛋白质是在基因组内的功能模块中组织的。Although most of the proteins have unknown func- tions, multiple proteins were associated with defense mechanisms against bacteria, including the restriction-modi fi cation system, the toxin-antitoxin system, evasion of DNA degradation, blocking of host restriction and modi fi cation, the orphan CRISPR-Cas sys- tem, and the anti-CRISPR system.Proteomic study of the phage-host interactions (i.e., between isolates K3574 and K3320, which have intact CRISPR-Cas systems, and phages vB_KpnS-VAC35 and vB_KpnM-VAC36, respectively) revealed the presence of several defense mechanisms against phage infection (prophage, defense/virulence/resistance, oxidative stress and plasmid proteins)在细菌和噬菌体中的ACR候选者（抗CRISPR蛋白）中。
模仿生物学计算系统中的时空行为
摘要对应对“大数据”的需求不断增长（基于或在人工智能的协助下），以及对更完全理解大脑的运作的兴趣，刺激了欧特的启用，以构建来自廉价的常规组件的生物学模拟计算系统，并构建neurol od eare die earo earo earo neuro-neuro-morphic systems）计算系统。在一侧，这些系统需要异常数量的处理器，这引入了性能限制和非局部缩放。在另一侧，神经元操作与常规工作负载差异很大。The conduction time (transfer time) is ignored in both in conventional computing and ”spatiotemporal” compu- tational models of neural networks, although von Neu- mann warned: ” In the human nervous system the con- duction times along the lines (axons) can be longer than the synaptic delays, hence our above procedure of ne- glecting them aside of τ [the processing time] would be unsound ” [1], section 6.3。仅这种区别就可以模仿技术实施中的生物学行为。此外，计算中最近的问题引起了人们对时间行为的关注，即时间行为也是计算系统的一般特征。已经注意到了他们在生物系统和技术系统中的某些影响。在这里建议的转移时间正确处理，而不是引入一些“外观”模型。基于Minkowski变换引入时间逻辑，给出了定量洞察
2024-25学术目录
In 1958, the Religious Sisters of Mercy founded Maria as a Sister Formation and Liberal Arts college with a student body of 52.今天，我们为参加我们的白天，晚上和周末课程的大约800名学生提供服务，并参加了我们的在线课程。根据其成立，该学院的使命是为了提供服务 - 为更大的首都地区和毕业生生活和工作的社区提供服务。Although Maria was established to educate the Sisters of Mercy, the vision broadened in 1963 with the College's first degree programs that also opened enrollment to laywomen: Liberal Arts AA and General Studies AS.All degree programs were opened to coeducational enrollment in 1971.玛丽亚学院任务的核心是它的信念，即应向认真的学生提供学习的机会，因此玛丽亚建立了创新的灵活安排格式。这些格式为那些想学习的人提供服务 - 从最近的高中毕业生和寻求晋升或改变职业的人，再到回到学校的年长学生，他们的个人日程安排或学习需求使他们无法继续接受教育。In 1971, the College established an active Evening Division.In 1981, Maria created the first Weekend College in northeastern New York, with classes meeting every other weekend.周末大学最能满足一个必须与教育机会协调家庭和职业职责的工作学生的需求。The programs currently offered during the Weekend College are OTA, PNC, and the Master in Occupational Therapy.
还原计划
• We gained ISO 14001 in December 2023 giving us a universal international standard for environmental management • In comparison with our previous financial period, our overall energy consumption has increased by 3% or 117.87 MWh • Although our consumption has stayed relatively the same, our emissions have dropped significantly due to us being on Biogas instead of Natural gas - we switched our contracts to Biogas in October 2021 • This financial period is the first since 2019 that has not been impacted by the pandemic - meaning a return to business as usual, with the firm continuing to operate a hybrid working model • We have been able to gain more detail on our supplier spend and more accuracy on our travel • Our commuting, home working and travel data is now the most accurate it has ever been thanks to the tenacity and expertise we have bought in to the firm • We have implemented several schemes in the offices to reduce the operating times of building management and now do not heat or cool建筑物无人居住时。这要归功于我们完成了ESOS第三阶段审核。我们正在审查下一个财政年度的建议，以查看还有什么其他机会。•从我们的三个餐饮店中取出的一次性塑料外卖容器，并替换为可生物降解的替代方案•我们现在在所有办公室中监控废物和用水量，并通过我们的内部可持续发展枢纽
Diverse viral cas genes antagonize CRISPR immunity
Prokaryotic CRISPR–Cas immunity is subverted by anti-CRISPRs (Acrs), which inhibit Cas protein activities when expressed during the phage lytic cycle or from resident prophages or plasmids 1 . Acrs often bind to specific cognate Cas proteins, and hence inhibition is typically limited to a single CRISPR–Cas subtype 2 . Furthermore, although acr genes are frequently organized together in phage- associated gene clusters 3 , how such inhibitors initially evolve has remained unclear. Here we investigated the Acr content and inhibition specificity of diverse Listeria isolates, which naturally harbour four CRISPR–Cas systems (types I-B, II-A, II-C and VI-A). We observed widespread antagonism of CRISPR, which we traced to 11 previously unknown and 4 known acr gene families encoded by endogenous mobile elements. Among these were two Acrs that possess sequence homology to type I-B Cas proteins, one of which assembles into a defective interference complex. Surprisingly, an additional type I-B Cas homologue did not affect type I immunity, but instead inhibited the RNA-targeting type VI CRISPR system by means of CRISPR RNA (crRNA) degradation. By probing viral sequence databases, we detected abundant orphan cas genes located within putative anti-defence gene clusters. Among them, we verified the activity of a particularly broad-spectrum cas3 homologue that inhibits type I-B, II-A and VI-A CRISPR immunity. Our observations provide direct evidence of Acr evolution by cas gene co-option, and new genes with potential for broad-spectrum control of genome editing technologies.
探索金星：超出当前计划的下一代任务
截至2023年中，至少正在开发十个任务或计划在未来20年中探索金星。大多数强调大气化学和表面/内部科学目标，只有少数直接解决了金星作为主要科学目标的过去和现在的可居住性。所有的任务都采用了以前经过经过测试的平台 - 轨道和一般大气探针，但（截至迄今为止）没有计划使用寿命更长的大气平台（例如气球或飞艇）或着陆器。因此，关于金星的几个关键问题必然会在当前的开发任务浪潮之后仍未得到答复，这将从2029年开始探索金星，并在整个2030年代继续进行。这个面向未来的观点概述了一个主要的科学问题，即维纳斯的下一个任务应该解决，以便更好地理解地球作为一个系统，并为金星类似外行星提供可靠的比较基础，这些比较基础只能通过远程观察来调查，例如詹姆斯·韦伯太空电视（James Webb Space Telescope）（James Webb Space Telescope）（J. J. J. J. J. J. J.这一下一代的金星任务可能需要长期生活的大气平台，或者在不同高度，更长的地表站，以及最终的大气/云颗粒（气溶胶）的样品和表面返回地球实验室。Although ideas for aerial platforms, long-lived landers, and missions to return atmospheric and surface samples are being conceptualized at present to be ready for upcoming international competed opportunities (e.g., NASA, ESA, ISRO, JAXA), they await further investment in technologies to provide the combination of scienti fi c measurement capabilities and fl ight-system performance to make the breakthroughs that the community will expect, guided by长期以来的科学重点。