7 Zero-temperature Feynman diagrams 176 7.1 Heuristic derivation 177 7.2 Developing the Feynman diagram expansion 183 7.2.1 Symmetry factors 189 7.2.2 Linked-cluster theorem 191 7.3 Feynman rules in momentum space 195 7.3.1 Relationship between energy and the S-matrix 197 7.4 Examples 199 7.4.1 Hartree–Fock energy 199 7.4.2 Exchange correlation 200 7.4.3 Electron in a scattering potential 202 7.5 The self-energy 206 7.5.1 Hartree–Fock self-energy 208 7.6 Response functions 210 7.6.1 Magnetic susceptibility of non-interacting electron gas 215 7.6.2 Derivation of the Lindhard function 218 7.7 The RPA (large- N ) electron gas 219 7.7.1 Jellium: introducing an inert positive background 221 7.7.2 Screening和血浆振荡223 7.7.3 Bardeen-Pines相互作用225 7.7.4 RPA电子气的零点能量228练习229参考232