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指南定义风险矩阵概率和航空安全性的严重性

2025年7月11日 10:00 33 Comments
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风险矩阵概率和航空安全性的严重性风险矩阵是航空安全管理系统（SMS）的重要工具，使组织能够通过结合其概率和严重性来评估和优先考虑风险。本指南概述了航空安全经理如何定义这些标准以创建有效的，特定于组织的风险矩阵。

来源:SMS Pro航空安全博客
风险矩阵概率和航空安全性的严重性风险矩阵是航空安全管理系统（SMS）的重要工具，使组织能够通过结合其概率和严重性来评估和优先考虑风险。本指南概述了航空安全经理如何定义这些标准以创建有效的，特定于组织的风险矩阵。理解概率Definition-Probbility造成危险的可能性导致不良事件。通常将其分为频繁，偶尔，远程，不可能且极为不可能的水平。定义标准：使用历史数据（例如，每次飞行小时事件）。 Example: “Frequent” as >10 incidents/year.Qualitative: Use descriptive terms (e.g., “likely to occur sometimes”) when data is limited.Local Factors: In Alaska, weather-related risks may have higher probabilities due to frequent storms.StepsAnalyze incident reports and industry benchmarks.Consult pilots and safety officers for expert input.Document clear definitions (e.g., “Remote: 1 occurrence in 5 years”).Related Risk Matrix Articles for Aviation SMSUnderstanding SeverityDefinitionSeverity measures the potential impact of a hazard, considering safety, financial, environmental, or operational consequences.Defining CriteriaCategories: Include personnel injury, financial loss, environmental damage, reputation and operational disruption.Thresholds: Example: “Catastrophic” as multiple fatalities or >$10 million loss.Context: Remote areas may escalate severity due to delayed emergency response.StepsIdentify relevant consequence categories.Set specific outcomes for each level (e.g., “Minor: First aid required”).Combine categories, using the highest severity.Customizing the Risk MatrixScope: Define which risks to cover (e.g., safety, operational).Levels: Start with a 5x5 grid (probability 1-5, severity A-E).Matrix:分配风险水平（低，中，高）和颜色（绿色，黄色，红色）。受感受：指定操作（例如