1引言本文扩展了Bruza等人的先前工作。1通过对使用大型单光雪崩二极管(SPAD)摄像机进行荧光深度感测所涉及的方法和技术方面进行更全面的描述。此外,本文详细阐述了校准曲线的扩散,这是以前获得有限覆盖率的关键方面。还提供了对技术局限性的详尽回顾,并提供了支持其性能的定量测量简介。最后,本文提出了对临床方案中技术和潜在应用的潜在改进,为进一步的研究和实际实施提供了宝贵的见解。手术切除仍然是癌症治疗的关键方法;绝大多数乳腺癌,结直肠癌,肺和膀胱癌患者都接受了手术切除术,这是护理标准的一部分。2尽管术前成像已经显着提高,但手术的成功很大程度上取决于外科医生使用常规的白光视觉和触诊来定位病理的能力。3,4在过去的三十年中,荧光引导手术(FGS)已成为一种有前途的技术,用于定义肿瘤位置和术中边缘。使用FGS对肿瘤进行术中可视化不仅有可能实现完整的切除措施,还可以通过减少对正常组织的不必要损害,5 - 8
复杂的编码方案,例如正交相移键合和正交振幅调制,由于其较高的频谱效率而被广泛用于宽带无线通信系统中[1,2,3,4]。在这些方案中,正交混合器是向下转换接收到的信号(i)和正交相(q)中间频率(if)信号的关键元素。使用半导体设备[5,6,7,7,8,9]制造此类接收器电路,预计当载体频率较高时,例如在Terahertz(THZ)波范围内,由于在半导体底物上制造的平面波导在thz-Wave范围内变得相当损失和分配。一个基于半导体的设备还需要接线或翻转芯片键[6,13],通常用石英底物制造的波导耦合器,这些连接可能会导致反射和/或损失高频
• Technology leadership requires investment – Difficult in downturn… as well as in boom times • Funding MicroSwiss PE48: – Funding of technology development – „Entwicklung der Prozess- und Montagetechnologie für Hochleistungs-Halbleiterdioden“ • Targeting alternative products & markets – Diode MM Pumps for Fiber laser & amplifier – Diode Bar Pumps for solid state激光抽水 - 有效去除热量的组装过程
许多研究表明,脉冲激光器和聚焦X射线以类似于重离子的方式产生SEE的能力,同时提供了设备内电荷产生的精致空间和时间控制[9-11]。三种测试方法的电荷产生曲线在轴向和径向尺寸中有所不同。重离子通常在大多数设备尺寸的相关距离上沿轴向方向具有线性电荷产生曲线,其特征是线性能传递(LET)。典型的集中飞秒脉冲激光系统使用光学器件,可产生由高斯两光子吸收(TPA)描述的电荷产生曲线[5,12-15]。我们注意到,最近,美国已经开发了一种光学配置。海军研究实验室(NRL),该实验室使用准贝斯梁来产生扩展的电荷产生曲线[16],这在这项工作中未评估。使用聚焦的皮秒脉冲X射线的新兴技术产生了由Beer定律描述的电荷产生曲线,并随着穿透深度而呈指数降低[17]。这些
2 Device Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Electrical Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ............................................................................................. 4 2.2 Source-Drain Diode Ratings and Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ....................................................... 5 2.3 Thermal Characteristics ……............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Device Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Electrical Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ............................................................................................. 4 2.2 Source-Drain Diode Ratings and Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ....................................................... 5 2.3 Thermal Characteristics ……............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Controller: Standard LCD controller powered by 12V DC Adapter or an optional internal battery SCORING INFORMATION DISPLAYED HOME and GUEST: 3-digit displays, 0-199 CLOCK: 4-digit displays, counts up or down, 99:59-00:00 or 00:00-99:59 PERIOD: 1-digit display, 1-9 BONUS: 4 – 2.0” dot indicator POSSESSION: 2 – 2.0” arrow indicator CAPTIONS HOME and GUEST: 8” H BONUS& PERIOD: 4” H CLOCK COLON: 2” H POSS: 3” H Polymeric Calendared Vinyl Lettering CLOCK Display 15” H digits, 160° visibility, amber, 100,000 hour-rated, indoor super-bright LED (light emitting diode) display HOME and GUEST Displays 15” H digits, 160° visibility, red, 100,000 hour-rated, indoor super-bright LED (light emitting diode) displays PERIOD Display 9” H digits, 160° visibility, green, 100,000 hour-rated, indoor super-bright LED (light emitting diode) display BONUS and POSSESSION Indicators 2.0” LED dot/arrow indicators, 160° visibility, red, 100,000 hour-rated, indoor super-bright LED (light emitting diode) displays APPROVALS ETL/CSA listed Scoreboard: Meets all FCC A类要求2.4 GHz无线发射机:FCC第15部分认证2.4 GHz无线接收器:满足所有FCC第15部分要求保修,保证此产品在发票之日起在保修期内规定的材料和工艺缺陷。安装此型号可以壁挂或悬挂在天花板上。
2 Device Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Electrical Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ............................................................................................. 4 2.2 Source-Drain Diode Ratings and Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ....................................................... 5 2.3 Thermal Characteristics ……............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Device Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Electrical Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ............................................................................................. 4 2.2 Source-Drain Diode Ratings and Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ....................................................... 5 2.3 Thermal Characteristics ……............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Device Characteristics ............................................................................................................ 4 2.1 Electrical Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ............................................................................................. 4 2.2 Source-Drain Diode Ratings and Characteristics (Pre-Irradiation) ....................................................... 5 2.3 Thermal Characteristics ……............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... 6
