在大米(Oryza sativa)谷物发育期间出现的热应激会降低谷物质量,这通常表现为增加的谷物粉笔。尽管对热应激对谷物产量的影响进行了充分研究,但由于量化晶粒质量的探索程度不如谷物产量,因此在热应激下稻米质量的遗传基础较少。为了解决这个问题,我们使用了基于图像的比色测定法(红色,R;绿色,g)进行全基因组关联分析,以鉴定暴露于热应激的水稻晶粒中表型变异的基因基因座。我们发现从成熟谷物图像得出的R与G像素比(RG)有效地区分了来自对照(28/24°C)的半透明晶粒和热应激(36/32°C)植物。我们的分析产生了一种新型的基因,即米粉晶粒5(OSCG5),该基因调节热应激下的晶粒粉笔的自然变化。OSCG5编码一种晶粒特异性,表达的蛋白质未知功能。OSCG5转录本丰度的加入表现出较高的粉笔性,这与应力下的RG值较高有关。这些发现在热应激下相对于野生型(WT)的OSCG5敲除(KO)突变体的粉笔增加了。过表达OSCG5的植物的晶粒不如KOS,但在热应激下与WT相当。与WT和OE相比,KO突变体相对于对照组具有更大的热敏感性。共同表明,OSCG5的自然变化可能在热应激下有助于水稻质量。
有几十个非常著名的粉笔溪流:汉普郡的测试,伊申是最明显的,可以说是粉笔流冠上的珠宝。但是,Frome,Piddle,Allen,Wylye,Avon和Kennet以及在约克郡Driffield Beck都是可比的。Amongst and between these, however, are dozens of less well-known streams that are every bit as precious, given that together these amount to most of the chalk streams in the world: the Meon, Ebble, Pang, Wye, Chess, Mimram, Beane, Ivel, Cam, Nar, Babingley, Burn, Great Eau, Foston Beck and Gypsey Race, to name just a few.此外,几乎无数的是沿着粉笔向北的山脊,尤其是从苏塞克斯唐斯(Sussex Downs),通过奇尔特恩斯(Chilterns)和北部通过林肯郡(Lincolnshire)和约克郡(Lincolnshire)和约克郡(Yorkshire)向北的陡峭陡峭的弹簧:一个春天的粉笔rills组合,这也是一种独特而珍贵的资源。
BAP Habitat Coastal and floodplain grazing marsh Lowland calcareous grassland Reedbeds Saline lagoons Wood-pasture and parkland Woodland BAP Species 30 species recorded, with the following in the last ten years: Species Habitat Requirements Water Vole Arvicola terrestris Rivers, ponds, canals and drainage ditches, reedbeds, fens, grazing marsh, banks, slow-flowing waters White Helleborine Cephalanthera damasonium林地,尤其是粉笔或石灰石土壤上的山毛榉,低地面覆盖,阴影栖息地杜鹃花cuculus cuculus cuculus canorus林地,灌木丛,沼泽,heathland,heathland,reedbed Yellowhamm emberiza citrinella citryla schoeniclus Wetlands including reedbeds, tall rushes and wet grassland with good vegetation cover, gardens, farmland, hedgerows, ditches Wood Lark Lullula arborea Heathland, woodland, mosaic of scattered trees, bare ground, short vegetation and taller vegetation, open seed-rich areas Harvest Mouse Micromys minutus Arable margins, hedgerows, meadows, scrub, reedbeds, tall grass Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata Open woodland and woodland edges, parks and gardens Fly Orchid Ophrys insectifera A plant of chalk and limestone soils usually found in open woodland and scrub, often in deep shade, also occurs on grassland and fens Brown Long-eared Bat Plecotus auritus A widespread bat of open woodlands, hedgerows, parks and gardens, it roosts in old夏天的建筑物和树木在冬天搬到洞穴和地下地点。这两个草地对南部沼泽兰花和破烂的罗宾等物种具有湿影响。沼泽史基史基特里亚(Stitchwort)帕斯特里斯(Stillaria Palustris)有季节性变化,带有开阔的草地,潮湿/湿土壤,富含草药,未经改善的草药,fens,reed式海龟dove dove treptopelia treptopelia turppopelia turpopelia turpopelia turppopelia turpopelia turppopelia turppopelia turppopelia turppopelia turpopelos turpopelos and Hedgerows and Hedgerows and Open Land带有开放的土地记录的物种在过去十年中记录下来:樱桃月桂树laurocerasus指定的地点Aldsworth Pond和Meadows,Emsworth Snci具有相当大的鸟类学重要性,还支持大量蜻蜓和白色的毛线式殖民地。