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GPS与IFR飞行的DME距离
GPS和DME是两个单独的系统，可以计算两种不同类型的距离。 GPS计算您在地面上的距离，而DME计算倾斜范围。
来源:BoldmethodGPS and DME are two separate systems that calculate two different types of distance. GPS calculates your distance across the ground, while DME calculates slant range.
GPS (Ground) Distance
Your GPS display shows the lat/long distance measured between two points, and in most cases, you can use it for IFR flying.
But in order to use GPS for instrument flight, you'll need a TSO-C129, TSO-C196, TSO-C145, or TSO-C146 compliant GPS (AC 20-138). The FAA refers to these as "suitable RNAV systems."
GPS for instrument flight假设您有一个合规的设备，您将可以在所有飞行阶段进行往返纳维德，机场等的导航（更多）。
Slant Range (DME)
距离测量设备（DME）是一种模拟导航系统，它使用UHF和VHF无线电频率来确定您到达空间点的距离。 So what type of distance is DME measuring?
Distance Measuring EquipmentDME measures slant range. Slant range is the distance of the hypothetical line you could draw between your aircraft and a DME station. More often than not DME slant distance is going to be slightly greater than your planned ground distance.
一个很好的例子是，如果您要飞越6,000英尺的DME站，您的DME设备将读取：1英里，而GPS距离将读取：0英里。
Using GPS Distance As A Substitute for DME
FAA在AIM第1-2-3段中说“符合操作要求的约束，但运营商可以使用以下方式使用合适的RNAV系统”，但FAA在AIM第1-2-3段中说，可能会有略有区别。 (see graphic below) Additionally, you can fly a DME arc with RNAV as a substitute as well. AIM 1-2-3 goes on to talk about other RNAV substitutions, but for the purposes of this article, we'll focus on DME. GPS Distances On 'DME required' Approaches Let's take a look at the notes sections for the Thief River Falls Airport (KTVF), ILS approach for runway 31, in Minnesota.
可能会有略有区别。 (see graphic below)
Additionally, you can fly a DME arc with RNAV as a substitute as well.
AIM 1-2-3 goes on to talk about other RNAV substitutions, but for the purposes of this article, we'll focus on DME.
GPS Distances On 'DME required' ApproachesLet's take a look at the notes sections for the Thief River Falls Airport (KTVF), ILS approach for runway 31, in Minnesota.