Anderson诉Liberty Lobby，Inc。 , 477 U.S. 242 (1986) ...................................................................................................... 11 B.M.H. C.B. 诉学校BD。 弗吉尼亚州切萨皮克市，833 F. Supp。 560（E.D. Va.1993) .............................................................................. 1, 12 Chafin v. Gibson, 213 W.Va. 167, 578 S.E.2d 361 (2003). ........................................................................ 11 Chapman v. City of Virginia Beach, 252 Va. 186, 475 S.E.2d 798 (1996) ................................................................... 8, 13, 14 Colby v. Boyden, 241 Va. 125, 400 S.E.2d 184, 189 (1991) ..................................................................... 14 Cowan v. Hospice Support Care, Inc., 268 Va. 482, 603 S.E.2d 916, 918 (Va. 2004) ......................................................... 13, 14 Elliott v. Carter, 292 Va. 618, 622, 791 S.E.2d 730 (2016) ....................................... v。Hyatt，139 S. Ct。 1485, 1496 (2019) .................................................................................... 1, 12 Frazier v. City of Norfolk, 234 Va. 388, 362 S.E.2d 688, 691 (1987) ............................................... 9, 13, 14, 17, 18 Gooch v. West Virginia Dep't of Pub. appx。 480，491（4th Cir。 2008) ....................................................................... 14Anderson诉Liberty Lobby，Inc。, 477 U.S. 242 (1986) ...................................................................................................... 11 B.M.H.C.B.诉学校BD。 弗吉尼亚州切萨皮克市，833 F. Supp。 560（E.D. Va.1993) .............................................................................. 1, 12 Chafin v. Gibson, 213 W.Va. 167, 578 S.E.2d 361 (2003). ........................................................................ 11 Chapman v. City of Virginia Beach, 252 Va. 186, 475 S.E.2d 798 (1996) ................................................................... 8, 13, 14 Colby v. Boyden, 241 Va. 125, 400 S.E.2d 184, 189 (1991) ..................................................................... 14 Cowan v. Hospice Support Care, Inc., 268 Va. 482, 603 S.E.2d 916, 918 (Va. 2004) ......................................................... 13, 14 Elliott v. Carter, 292 Va. 618, 622, 791 S.E.2d 730 (2016) ....................................... v。Hyatt，139 S. Ct。 1485, 1496 (2019) .................................................................................... 1, 12 Frazier v. City of Norfolk, 234 Va. 388, 362 S.E.2d 688, 691 (1987) ............................................... 9, 13, 14, 17, 18 Gooch v. West Virginia Dep't of Pub. appx。 480，491（4th Cir。 2008) ....................................................................... 14诉学校BD。弗吉尼亚州切萨皮克市，833 F. Supp。560（E.D.Va.1993) .............................................................................. 1, 12 Chafin v. Gibson, 213 W.Va. 167, 578 S.E.2d 361 (2003)......................................................................... 11 Chapman v. City of Virginia Beach, 252 Va. 186, 475 S.E.2d 798 (1996) ................................................................... 8, 13, 14 Colby v. Boyden, 241 Va. 125, 400 S.E.2d 184, 189 (1991) ..................................................................... 14 Cowan v. Hospice Support Care, Inc., 268 Va. 482, 603 S.E.2d 916, 918 (Va. 2004) ......................................................... 13, 14 Elliott v. Carter, 292 Va. 618, 622, 791 S.E.2d 730 (2016) .......................................v。Hyatt，139 S. Ct。 1485, 1496 (2019) .................................................................................... 1, 12 Frazier v. City of Norfolk, 234 Va. 388, 362 S.E.2d 688, 691 (1987) ............................................... 9, 13, 14, 17, 18 Gooch v. West Virginia Dep't of Pub.appx。480，491（4th Cir。2008) ....................................................................... 14Safety, 195 W.Va. 357, 465 S.E.2d 628 (1995) ......................................................................... 11 Hatten v. Mason Realty Co., 148 W. Va. 380, 135 S.E.2d 236 (1964) ........................................................................ 10 Jividen v. Law, 194 W.Va. 705, 461 S.E.2d 451 (1995) ......................................................................... 20 Kellam v. School Bd., 202 Va. 252, 117 S.E.2d 96 (1960) ..................................................................... 1, 12, 14 Kuykendall v. Young Life, 261 Fed.