数据处理(例如,值的处理 background information) Descriptive statistics (e. g. mean, median, SD, IQR) Univariate statistics Significance testing (e. g. p-values, false discovery rates) Fold changes Multivariate statistics (e. g. PCA, PLSDA, cluster analysis) Data visualization (e. g. box plots, score plots, heatmaps)background information) Descriptive statistics (e. g. mean, median, SD, IQR) Univariate statistics Significance testing (e. g. p-values, false discovery rates) Fold changes Multivariate statistics (e. g. PCA, PLSDA, cluster analysis) Data visualization (e. g. box plots, score plots, heatmaps)